Sauropterygia (Genus: 197; Species: 458)

CLASS: REPTILIA Laurenti, 1768
= CLASS: MONOCONDYLIA Cope, 1890

SUBCLASS: DIAPSIDA OSBORN, 1903

INFRACLASS: NEODIAPSIDA BENTON, 1985

LEGION: LEPIDOSAUROMORPHA BENTON, 1983

OR

INFRACLASS: EURYAPSIDA COLBERT, 1945
= SUBCLASS: EURYAPSIDA COLBERT, 1945
= SYNAPTOSAURIA
= SUBCLASS: SAUROPTERYGIA OWEN, 1860
= SUBCLASS: SAUROPTERYGIOMORPHA KUHN, 1928

= ORDER: THEROMORPHA COPE, 1890 (partim) as per HUENE, 1956

SUPERORDER: SAUROPTERYGIA OWEN, 1860

Incertae sedis

Genus: Atopodentatus CHENG, CHEN, SHANG & WU, 2014
A. unicus CHENG, CHEN, SHANG & WU, 2014 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

CLADE NAME: SAUROSPHARGIFORMES CHENG, MOON, YAN, MOTANI, JIANG, AN & FANG, 2022

Family: SAUROSPHARGIDAE Li, Rieppel, Wu, Zhao, & Wang, 2011

Genus: Hemilopas MEYER, 1851
= Hemilopus ROMER, 1966 (sic)
H. mentzeli MEYER, 1851 (Type)

Genus: Largocephalosaurus CHENG, CHEN, ZENG & CAI, 2012
L. polycarpon CHENG, CHEN, ZENG & CAI, 2012 (Type)
L. qianensis LI, JIANG, CHENG, WU & RIEPPEL, 2014

Genus: Pomolispondylus CHENG, MOON, YAN, MOTANI, JIANG, AN & FANG, 2022
P. biani CHENG, MOON, YAN, MOTANI, JIANG, AN & FANG, 2022 (Type)

Genus: Prosaurosphargis WOLNIEWICZ, SHEN, LI, SUN, QIAO, CHEN, HU & LIU, 2023
P. yingzishanensis WOLNIEWICZ, SHEN, LI, SUN, QIAO, CHEN, HU & LIU, 2023 (Type)

Genus: Saurosphargis VOLZ, 1903-1908 (nomen dubium)
= Saursophargis VOLZ mscr FRECH, 1903-08
= Saurosphargis FRECH, 1903 (sic)
S. volzi HUENE, 1936 (Type)

Genus: Sinosaurosphargis LI, RIEPPEL, WU, ZHAO, & WANG, 2011
S. yunguiensis LI, RIEPPEL, WU, ZHAO, & WANG, 2011

Gen. sp indet.

PARVORDER: EOSAUROPTERYGIA emend RIEPPEL, 1994
= ORDER: EOSAUROPTRYGIA, 1994

Incertae sedis

 Genus: Dawazisaurus CHENG, WU, SATO, & SHAN, 2016
D. brevis CHENG, WU, SATO, & SHAN, 2016 (Type)

Genus: Dianmeisaurus SHANG & LI, 2015
D. gracilis SHANG & LI, 2015 (Type)

Genus: Majiashanosaurus JIANG, MONTANI, TINTORI, RIEPPEL, CHEN, HUANG, ZHANG, SUN & JI, 2014
M. discocoracoidis JIANG, MONTANI, TINTORI, RIEPPEL, CHEN, HUANG, ZHANG, SUN & JI, 2014 (Type)

Genus: Qianxisaurus CHENG, WU, SATO & SHAN, 2012
Q. chajiangensis CHENG, WU, SATO & SHAN, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Panzhousaurus JIANG, LIN, RIEPPEL, MOTANI & SUN, 2018
P. rotundirostris JIANG, LIN, RIEPPEL, MOTANI & SUN, 2018 (Type)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. jenensis ZENKER, 1833 (nomen dubium)
P. profundus ZENKER, 1833 (nomen dubium)
P. priscus HUENE, 1902 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Wumengosaurus JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, HAO, SUN, SCHMITZ, & SUN, 2008
W. delicatomandibularis JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, HAO, SUN, SCHMITZ, & SUN, 2008 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

ORDER: PACHYPLEUROSAURIA SANZ, 1980
= SUBORDER: PACHYPLEUROSAURIA NOPCSA, 1928

Family: KEICHOUSAURIDAE Young, 1965

Genus: Dianopachysaurus LIU, RIEPPEL, JIANG, AITCHISON, MONTANI, ZHANG, ZHOU & SUN, 2011
D. dingi LIU, RIEPPEL, JIANG, AITCHISON, MONTANI, ZHANG, ZHOU & SUN, 2011 (Type)

Genus: Keichousaurus YOUNG, 1958
K. hui YOUNG, 1958 (Type)
K. yuananensis YOUNG, 1965
K. lusiensis GONZUI, 1978
K. sp

Family: PACHYPLEUROSAURIDAE Nopcsa, 1928
= Family: HANOSAURIDAE Young & Dong, 1977
= Subfamily: PACHYPLEUROSAURINAE Nopcsa, 1928
= Family: PACHYPLEURIDAE Lydekker, 1889

Genus: Anarosaurus DAMES, 1890
A. pumilis DAMES, 1890 (Type)
A. heterodontus RIEPPEL & KEBANG, 1995
A. sp

Genus: Chusaurus LIU, CHENG, STUBBS, MOON, BENTON, YAN & TIAN, 2023
C. xiangensis LIU, CHENG, STUBBS, MOON, BENTON, YAN & TIAN, 2023 (Type)

Genus: Dactylosaurus GURICH, 1884
D. gracilis GURICH, 1884 (Type)
= Eurysaurus gracilis (GURICH, 1884) ARTHABER, 1924
= Dactylosaurus schroederi NOPSCA, 1928

Genus: Diandongosaurus SHANG, WU & LI, 2010
D. acutidentatus SHANG, WU & LI, 2010 (Type)

Genus: Hanosaurus YOUNG, 1972
H. hupehensis YOUNG, 1972 (Type)

Genus: Honghesaurus XU, REN, ZHAO, LIAO & FENG, 2022
H. longicaudalis XU, REN, ZHAO, LIAO & FENG, 2022 (Type)

Genus: Luopingosaurus XU, SHANG, WANG, REN, LEI, LIAO, ZHAO & LI, 2023
L. imparilis XU, SHANG, WANG, REN, LEI, LIAO, ZHAO & LI, 2023 (Type)

Genus: Neusticosaurus SEELEY, 1882
= Pachypleura CORNALIA, 1854 non WHITE, 1853 (Pachypleura modesta, Coleoptera,  Cerambycidae)
= Pachypleurosaurus BROILI, 1927
= Psilotrachelosaurus NOPCSA, 1928
N. pusillus (FRAAS, 1881) SEELEY, 1882 (Type)
= Simosaurus pusillus FRAAS, 1881
= Neusticosaurus (Pachypleura) pusillus (FRAAS, 1881) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Neusticosaurus pygmaeus FRAAS, 1896
N. edwardsi (CORNALIA, 1854) SANDER, 1989
NOTE: The spelling of edwardsii has been spelled with one i (Cornalia, 1854; Lydekker, 1889; Peyer, 1928, 1932; Nopcsa, 1928; Zangerl, 1935) or two i’s (Broili, 1927; Nopcsa, 1928; Vialli, 1941).
= Pachypleura edwardsii CORNALIA, 1854
= Neusticosaurus (Pachypleura) edwardsii (CORNALIA, 1854) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Pachypleurosaurus (Pachypleura) edwardsii (CORNALIA, 1854) BROILI, 1927
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsii (CORNALIA, 1854) BROILI, 1927
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsii (CORNALIA, 1854) NOPCSA, 1928
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsi (CORNALIA, 1854) NOPCSA, 1928
N. toeplitschi (NOPSCA, 1928) RIEPPEL & LIN, 1995
= Psilotrachelosaurus toeplitschi NOPSCA, 1928
N. peyeri SANDER, 1989
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsii CORNALIA (partim)
N. sp

Genus: Odoiporosaurus RENESTO, BINELLI & HAGDORN, 2014
O. teruzzii RENESTO, BINELLI & HAGDORN, 2014 (Type)

Genus: Prosantosaurus KLEIN, FURRER, EHRBAR, LADEIRA, RICHTER & SCHEYER, 2022
P. scheffoldi KLEIN, FURRER, EHRBAR, LADEIRA, RICHTER & SCHEYER, 2022 (Type)

Genus: Serpianosaurus RIEPPEL, 1989
S. mirigiolensis RIEPPEL, 1989 (Type)
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsi CORNALIA (partim) PEYER, 1932
= Pachypleurosaurus edwardsi CORNALIA (partim) ZANGERL, 1935
S. germanicus DIEDRICH, 2013

Genus: Nova LIU, RIEPPEL, AITCHISON & ZHANG, 2010

Incertae sedis

Genus: Charitosaurus MEYER, 1851 (nomen dubium)
= Charitodon MEYER 1838 (sic)
C. tschudii MEYER, 1851 (Type)

Genus: Neusticosaurus non SEELEY, 1882
N. staubi (KUHN-SCHYNDER, 1959) (nomen dubium)
= Pachypleurosaurus staubi KUHN-SCHYNDER, 1959 (nomen dubium)

Gen. sp indet.

ORDER: NOTHOSAURIFORMES STORRS, 1991

SUBORDER: EUSAUROPTERYGIA TSCHANZ, 1989

Incertae sedis

Gen. sp indet.

INFRAORDER: NOTHOSAUROIDEA BAUR, 1889
= SUBORDER: NOTHOSAURIA SEELEY, 1882
= SUBORDER: SIMOSAURIA RIEPPEL, 2000

Incertae sedis

Genus: Brevicaudosaurus SHANG, WU & LI, 2020
B. jiyangshanensis SHANG, WU & LI, 2020 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

Superfamily: SIMOSAUROIDEA Gervais, 1859 (sensu Rieppel, 2000)

Family: SIMOSAURIDAE Gervais, 1859

Genus: Partanosaurus SKUPNOS, 1893a
= Parthanosaurus SKUPNOS 1893a (sic)
P. zittlei SKUPHOS, 1893a (Type)
= Parthanosaurus zittlei SKUPHOS, 1893a (sic)

Genus: Paludidraco CHAVES, ORTEG & PEREZ-GARIA, 2018
P. multidentatus CHAVES, ORTEG & PEREZ-GARIA, 2018 (Type)

Genus: Simosaurus MEYER, 1842
S. gaillardoti MEYER, 1842 (Type)
= Simosaurus cf. gaillardoti MEYER, 1842
= Simosaurus guilelmi MEYER, 1855
= Simosaurus guilielmi var. agusticeps n. var. HUENE, 1959
S. sp

Incertae sedis

Genus: Simosaurus non MEYER, 1842 (nomen dubium)
S. mougeoti MEYER, 1842 (nomen dubium)

Gen. sp indet.

Superfamily: NOTHOSAURIA Baur, 1889

Family: GERMANOSAURIDAE Rieppel, 2000

Genus: Germanosaurus NOPSCA, 1928
= Eurysaurus FRECH, 1903 non GAUDRY, 1878 (Eurysaurus raincourti, Sauropterygia, Pliosauridae)
G. latissimus (GURICH, 1891) NOPSCA, 1928 (Type)
= Nothosaurus latissimus GURICH, 1891
= Cymatosaurus (Nothosaurus) latissimus (GURICH, 1891) SCHRAMMEN, 1899
= Nothosaurus (Eurysaurus) latissimus (GURICH, 1891) FRECH, 1903
= Eurysaurus latissimus (GURICH, 1891) SCHRODER, 1914
G. schafferi (ARTHABER, 1924) KUHN, 1934
= Eurysaurus schafferi ARTHABER, 1924
= Cymatosaurus (Germanosaurus) schafferi (ARTHABER, 1924) HUENE, 1944
= Cymatosaurus schafferi (ARTHABER, 1924) KUHN, 1964

Family: NOTHOSAURIDAE Baur, 1889
= Family: CERESIOSAURIDAE Kuhn-Schnyder, 1990
= Family: LARIOSAURIDAE Gervais, 1859
= Subfamily: NOTHOSAURINAE Baur, 1889
= Subfamily: PRONEUSTICOSAURINAE Huene, 1948

Genus: Lariosaurus CURINOI 1847
= Ceresiosaurus PEYER 1931
= Deirosaurus OWEN 1854 (nomen dubium)
= Eupodosaurus BOULENGER, 1891
= Macromerosaurus CURIONI, 1847 emend. CURIONI, 1854
= Micronothosaurus HAAS, 1963
= Phygosaurus ARTHABER, 1924
= Rhaticonia BROILI 1927
= Silvestrosaurus KUHN-SCHNYDER 1990
L. balsami CURINOI, 1847 (Type)
= Macromerosaurus plinii CURIONI, 1847 emend. CURIONI, 1854
= Deirosaurus italicus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
= Phygosaurus balsami ARTHABER, 1924 non CURINOI, 1847
= Lariosaurus balsami varietas plinii CURINOI, 1847
= Lariosaurus balsami curioni BALSAMO-CRIVELLI, 1839
= Eupodosaurus longobardicus BOULENGER, 1891
= Proneusticosaurus carinthiacus ARTHABER, 1924
= Rhaeticonia rothpletzi BROILI, 1927
= Lariosaurus lavizzarii KUHN-SCHYNDER, 1987
L. juvenilis (EDINGER, 1921) LIN, JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, JI, TINTORI, SUN & ZHOU, 2017
= Nothosaurus juvenilis EDINGER, 1921
L. calcagnii (PEYER, 1931) RIEPPEL, 1988
= Ceresiosaurus calcagnii PEYER, 1931
L. stensioi (HAAS, 1963) RIEPPEL, MAZIN & TCHERNOV, 1999
= Micronothosaurus stensioi HAAS, 1963
L. buzzii TSCHANZ, 1989
= Silvestrosaurus buzzii KUHN-SCHNYDER, 1990
L. valceresii TINTORI & RENESTO, 1990
L. curionii RIEPPEL, 1998
L. xingyiensis LI, LIU & RIEPPEL, 2002
L. youngi (LI & RIEPPEL, 2004) LIN, JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, JI, TINTORI, SUN & ZHOU, 2017
= Nothosaurus youngi LI & RIEPPEL, 2004
L. hongguoensis JIANG, MAISCH, SUN, SUN & HAO, 2006
= Lariosaurus nova JIANG, HAO, SUN & SUN, 2005
L. winkelhorsti (KLEIN & ALBERS, 2009) LIN, JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, JI, TINTORI, SUN & ZHOU, 2017
= Nothosaurus. winkelhorsti KLEIN & ALBERS, 2009
L. vosseveldensis KLEIN, VOETEN, HAARHUIS & BLEEKER, 2016
L. saxiaensis CHENG in CHEN, CHENG, WANG & ZHANG, 2016
L. sp

Genus: Nothosaurus MUNSTER, 1834
= Chondriosaurus ROMER, 1966 (sic)
= Conchiosaurus MEYER, 1834 (nomen nudum)
= Conchriosaurus MEYER, 1838 (sic)
= Chondriosaurus MEYER, 1838 (nomen nudum)
= Dracontosaurus AGASSIZ, 1846
= Dracosaururus ROMER, 1966 (sic)
= Elmosaurus HUENE, 1957
= Dracosaurus AGASSIZ, 1846
= Kolposaurus SKUPHOS, 1893b
= Menodon MEYER, 1838
= Nothosaurus MUNSTER, 1834 (nomen conservandum)
= Oligolycus FRISTCH, 1894
= Opeosaurus MEYER, 1847-1855
= Shingyisaurus YOUNG, 1965
N. mirabilis MUNSTER, 1834 (Type)
= Nothosaurus bergeri MEYER, 1834
= Ichthyosaurus lunevillensis ALBERTI, in BRONN, MUNSTER, 1837
= Nothosaurus muensteri MEYER, 1839
= Dracosaurus bronni GIEBEL, 1847
N. schimperi MEYER, 1834
N. angustidens MEYER, 1844
N. mougeoti MEYER
N. marchicus KOKEN, 1893
= Nothosaurus (Cymatosaurus) cf. friedericanus JAEKEL, 1911
= Nothosaurus crassus SCHROEDER, 1914
= Nothosaurus marchicus SCHRODER, 1914
= Nothosaurus oldenburgi SCHROEDER, 1914
= Nothosaurus procerus SCHROEDER, 1914
= Nothosaurus procerus var parva SCHRODER, 1914
= Nothosaurus raabi SCHRODER, 1914
= Nothosaurus schroederi HUENE, 1944
= Nothosaurus winterswijkensis ALBERS & RIEPPEL, 2003
N. cf. marchicus KOKEN, 1893
= Conchiosaurus clavatus MEYER, 1834 (nomen nudum)
N. cf. N. marchicus KOKEN, 1893
= Nothosaurus venustus MUENSTER, 1834
N. blezingeri FRAAS, 1896
N. lelmensis (HUENE, 1957)
= Elmosaurus lelmensis HUENE, 1957
N. unexpectus (YOUNG, 1965) emend RIEPPEL1998
= Shingyisaurus unexpectusYOUNG, 1965
= Nothosaurus sp RIEPPEL, 1998
N. edingerae SCHULZ, 1970
N. transsylvanicus JURCSAK, 1976
N. tchernowi HAAS, 1980
N. cymatosauroides SANZ, 1983
N. haasi RIEPPEL, MAZIN & TCHERNOV, 1997
N. jagisteus RIEPPEL, 2001
N. youngi LI & RIEPPEL, 2004
N. yangjuanensis JIANG, MAISCH, HAO, SUN & SUN, 2006
N. rostellatus SHANG, 2006
N. winkelhorsti KLEIN & ALBERS, 2009
N. zhangi LIU, HU, RIEPPEL, JIANG, BENTON, KELLEY, AITCHISON, ZHOU, WEN, HUANG, XIE, & LÜ, 2014
N. cristatus HINZ, MATZKE & PFRETSCHNER, 2019
N. luopingensis SHANG, LI & WANG, 2022
N. Species: Nova SCHOCH, 1999

Genus: Paranothosaurus PEYER, 1939
P. giganteus (MUENSTER, 1834) DIEDRICH, 2012
= Nothosaurus giganteus MUENSTER, 1834
= Nothosaurus andriani MEYER, 1839
= Nothosaurus angustifrons MEYER, 1844
= Nothosaurus aduncidens MEYER, 1853
= Nothosaurus baruthicus GEISSLER, 1895
= Nothosaurus chelydrops FRAAS, 1896
P. amsleri PEYER, 1939 (Type)

Genus: Proneusticosaurus VOLZ, 1902
P. silesiacus VOLZ, 1902 (Type)
P. madelungi VOLZ, 1902

Genus: Sanchiaosaurus YOUNG, 1965
S. dengi YOUNG, 1965 (Type)

Incertae sedis
= Family: NOTHOSAURAVIDAE Kuhn, 1958

Genus: Doliovertebra HUENE, 1902
= Diplovertebra KUHN, 1934 (sic)
= Dolichovertebra SCHMIDT, 1928 (sic)
= Dolichovertebra HUENE, 1957 (sic)
D. fritschi HUENE, 1902 (Type)
= Proneusticosaurus fritschi (HUENE, 1902) VOLZ, 1902

Genus: Lamprosauroides SCHMIDT, 1927 (nomen dubium)
= Lamprosaurus MEYER, 1860 non HALLOWELL, 1852 (Lamprosaurus guttulatus, Squamata, Scincidae)
= Lamprosciuroides ROMER, 1966 (sic)
L. goepperti (MEYER, 1860) SCHMIDT, 1927 (Type)
= Lamprosaurus goepperti MEYER, 1860 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Microleptosaurus SKUPHOS, 1893b (nomen dubium)
= Microcleptosaurus ROMER, 1966 (sic)
= Microcletosaurus TATARINOV & NOVOZHILOV (in ORLOV, 1964) (sic)
M. schlosseri SKUPHOS, 1893b (Type)

Genus: Nothosauravus KUHN, 1958 (nomen dubium)
N. geraensis KUHN, 1958 (Type)

Genus: Nothosaurus non MUNSTER, 1834
N. picardi CHOP, 1857 (nomen dubium)
N. cuvieri QUENSTEDT, 1885 (nomen dubium)
N. dichthadius (SKUPHOS, 1893) RIEPPEL, 2000 (nomen dubium)
= Kolposaurus dichthadius SKUPHOS, 1893b (nomen dubium)
N. (Oligolycus) hecki (FRITSCH, 1894)
= Cymatosaurus hecki (FRISTCH, 1894) EDINGER, 1921
N. sp

Genus: Opeosaurus MEYER, 1857-1855 (nomen dubium)
O. suevicus MEYER, 1857-1855 (Type)

Genus: Phygosaurus ARTHABER, 1924 (nomen dubium)
P. perledicus ARTHABER, 1924 (Type)

Genus: Sulmosuchus HUENE, 1952 (nomen nudum)
= Sulmosaurus HUENE, 1952 (sic)

Gen. sp indet.

INFRAORDER: PISTOSAUROIDEA BAUR, 1887-1890

Superfamily: CYMATOSAURIA Huene, 1944

Family: CYMATOSAURIDAE Huene, 1948
= Family: COROSAURIDAE Kuhn, 1961

Genus: Corosaurus CASE, 1936
C. alcovensis CASE, 1936 (Type)

Genus: Cymatosaurus FRITSCH, 1894
C. fridericianus FRITSCH, 1894 (Type)
C. latifrons (GURICH, 1884) SCHMIDT, 1928
= Nothosaurus latifrons GURICH, 1884
= Cymatosaurus (Nothosaurus) latifrons (GURICH, 1884) SCHRAMMEN, 1899
= Cymatosaurus silesiacus SCHRAMMEN, 1899
= Cymatosaurus gracilis SCHRAMMEN, 1899
C. erythreus HUENE, 1944
C. multidentatus (HUENE, 1958) RIEPPEL, 1995 (nomen dubium)
= Anarosaurus? multidentatus HUENE, 1958 (nomen dubium)
C. minor RIEPPEL & WERNBERG, 1998
C. erikae MAISCH, 2014
C. sp

Genus: Tanaisosaurus SENNIKOV, 2001
T. kalandadzei SENNIKOV, 2001 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

Superfamily: PISTOSAUROIDEA Baur in Zittel, 1887-1890 (Edinger, 1935)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Wangosaurus MA, JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, & TITORI, 2015
W. brevirostris MA, JIANG, RIEPPEL, MONTANI, & TITORI, 2015 (Type)

Family: PISTOSAURIDAE Baur in Zittel, 1887-1890

Genus: Augustasaurus SANDER, RIEPPEL & BUCHER, 1997
A. hagodorni SANDER, RIEPPEL & BUCHER, 1997 (Type)

Genus: Bobosaurus DALLA VECCHIA, 2006
B. forojullensis DALLA VECCHIA, 2006 (Type)

Genus: Pistosaurus MEYER, 1839
P. longaevus MEYER, 1839 (Type)
= Nothosaurus baruthicus GEISSLER, 1895
= Nothosaurus strunzi GEISSLER, 1895
= Pistosaurus grandaevus MEYER, 1855
P. sp

Genus: Yunguisaurus CHENG, SATO, WU & LI, 2006
Y. liae CHENG, SATO, WU & LI, 2006 (Type)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Chinchenia YOUNG, 1965
C. sungi YOUNG, 1965 (Type)

Genus: Kwangsisaurus YOUNG, 1959
K. orientalis YOUNG, 1959 (Type)
K. lusiensis YOUNG, 1978

Gen. sp indet.

ORDER: PLESIOSAURIA OWEN, 1840 NON BLAINVILLE, 1835
= ORDER: STREPTOSAURIA COPE, 1869

Incertae sedis

Genus: Embaphias COPE, 1876 (nomen dubium)
E. circulosus COPE, 1876 (Type)

Genus: Hunosaurus FRITSCH, 1905 (nomen dubium)
H. fasseli FRITSCH, 1905 (Type)

Genus: Mauisaurus non HECTOR, 1874
M. haasti HECTOR, 1874 (partim)

Genus: Myopterygius SHIKAMA, 1963 non HUENE, 1927
M. ezoensis SHIKAMA, 1963

Genus: Oligosimus LEIDY, 1872 (nomen dubium)
O. grandaevus LEIDY, 1872 (Type)

Genus: Orophosaurus COPE, 1887 (nomen dubium)
O. pauciprous COPE, 1887 (Type)

Genus: Polyptychodon non OWEN, 1841
P. patagonicus AMEGHINO, 1898 (nomen vanum)

Genus: Piptomerus COPE, 1887 (nomen vanum)
P. hexagonus COPE, 1887 (Type)
P. megaloporus COPE, 1887 (nomen vanum)
P. microporus COPE, 1887 (nomen vanum)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. grandis OWEN, 1839
= Pliosaurus grandis OWEN, 1839

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821 (species inquirenda)
P. bitractensis SAUVAGE, 1883 (species inquirenda)
P. costatus SAUVAGE, 1883 (species inquirenda)
P. bavaricus DAMES, 1895

Genus: Stereosaurus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen nudum)
S. cratynotus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen nudum)
S. platyomus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen nudum)
S. stenomus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen nudum)

Genus: Uronautes COPE, 1870 (nomen dubium)
U. cetiformis COPE, 1870 (Type)

Genus: Zahrisaruus MALKANI, 2019
Z. kilmoolai MALKANI, 2019 (Type)

Genus: Nova EVANS, 2002

Gen. sp indet.

Gen. sp indet (Freshwater)

NEOPLESIOSAURIA KETCHUM & BENSON, 2010

SUBORDER: PLESIOSAURIA OWEN, 1840 NON BLAINVILLE, 1835
= INFRAORDER: PLESIOSAURIA OWEN, 1840 NON BLAINVILLE, 1835

Incertae sedis

Gen. sp indet.

INFRAORDER: PLESIOSAUROMORPHA NOVA
= Superfamily: PLESIOSAUROIDEA Gray, 1825 (sensu Wells, 1943)
= Superfamily: DOLICHODEIRA Seeley, 1892
= SUBORDER: DOLICHODEIRA SEELEY, 1892

Genus: Eoplesiosaurus BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012
E. antiquior BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Franconiasaurus SACHS, EGGMAIER & MADZIA, 2024
F. brevispinus SACHS, EGGMAIER & MADZIA, 2024 (Type)

Genus: Opallionectes KEAR, 2006
O. andamookaensis KEAR, 2006 (Type)

Genus: Plesiopharos PUERTOLAS-PASCUAL, MARX, MATEUS, SALEIRO, FERNANDES, MARINHEIRO, TOMAS & MATEUS, 2021
P. moelensis PUERTOLAS-PASCUAL, MARX, MATEUS, SALEIRO, FERNANDES, MARINHEIRO, TOMAS & MATEUS, 2021 (Type)

Genus: Spitrasaurus KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012B
S. wensaai KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012B (Type)
S. larseni KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012B

Gen. sp indet.

Family: RHOMALEOSAURIDAE Nopsca, 1928
= Family: THAUMATOSAURIDAE Romer, 1956

Genus: Anningasaura VINCENT & BENSON, 2012
A. lymense VINCENT & BENSON, 2012 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus macrocephalus LYDEKKER, 1889 (referred specimen)

Genus: Archaeonectrus NOVOZHILOV, 1964
A. rostratus (OWEN, 1865) NOVOZHILOV, 1964 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus rostratus OWEN, 1865

Genus: Atychodracon SMITH, 2015
A. megacephalus (STUTCHBURY, 1846) SMITH, 2015 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus megacephalus STUTCHBURY, 1846
= Plesiosaurus megacephalus (sic) recte megacephalus STUTCHBURY, 1846, ANON, 1851
= Thaumatosaurus megacephalus (STUTCHBURY, 1846) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Eurycleidus megacephalus (STUTCHBURY, 1846) ANDREWS, 1922
= Rhomaleosaurus megacephalus (STUTCHBURY, 1846) CRUICKSHANK, 1994

Genus: Avalonnectes BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012
A. arturi BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Bishanopliosaurus DONG, 1980
= Bishopliosaurus CRUISCHANK, 1997 (sic)
B. youngi DONG, 1980 (Type)
B. zigongensis GAO, YE & JIANG, 2004

Genus: Borealonectes SATO & WU, 2008
B. russelli SATO & WU, 2008 (Type)

Genus: Eurycleidus ANDREWS, 1922
E. arcuatus (OWEN, 1840) ANDREWS, 1922 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus arcuatus OWEN, 1840
= Thaumatosaurus arcuatus (OWEN, 1840) LYDEKKER, 1889

Genus: Macroplata SWINTON, 1930
M. tenuiceps SWINTON, 1930 (Type)

Genus: Meyerasaurus SMITH & VICENT, 2010
M. victor (FRAAS, 1910) SMITH & VICENT, 2010 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus victor FRAAS, 1910
= Thaumatosaurus victor (FRAAS, 1910) FRAAS, 1910
= Eurycleidus victor (FRAAS, 1910) ZITTEL, 1932
= Rhomaleosaurus victor (FRAAS, 1910) TARLO, 1960

Genus: Rhomaleosaurus SEELEY, 1874
= Thaumatosaurus FRAAS, 1910
R. zetlandicus (PHILLIPS, in ANON, 1854) TAYLOR, 1992
= Plesiosaurus zetlandicus PHILLIPS, 1854
= Thaumatosaurus zetlandicus (PHILLIPS, in ANON, 1854) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Plesiosaurus propinquus BLAKE, 1876 (nomen dubium)
= Rhomaleosaurus propinquus (BLAKE, 1876) WATSON, 1910 (nomen dubium)
R. cramptoni (CARTE & BAILEY, 1863) SEELEY, 1874 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus cromptoni CARTE & BAILEY, 1863
R. thorntoni ANDREWS, 1922
R. sp

Genus: Sthenarosaurus WATSON, 1911 (nomen dubium)
S. dawkins WATSON, 1911 (Type)

Genus: Stratesaurus BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012
S. taylori BENSON, EVANS & DRUCKENMILLER, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Thaumatodracon SMITH & ARAUJO, 2017
T. wiedenrothi SMITH & ARAUJO, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Trematospondylus QUENSTEDT, 1858 (nomen dubium)
T. macrocephalus QUENSTEDT, 1858 (Type)

Genus: Yuzhoupliosaurus ZHANG, 1985
Y. chengjiangensis ZHANG, 1985 (Type)

Genus: Nova EVANS, & SMITH, 2016
= Atychodracon megacephalus neotype

Gen. sp indet.

EUPLESIOSAURIA O’KEEFE, 2001

Incertae sedis

Genus: Plesiopterys O'KEEFE, 2004
P. wildi O'KEEFE, 2004 (Type)

Family: PLESIOSAURIDAE Gray, 1825

Genus: Lusonectes SMITH, ARAUJO & MATEUS, 2012
L. sauvagei SMITH, ARAUJO & MATEUS, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Plesiosaurus CONYBEARE, 1821
= Halidragon WAGLER, 1830
= Pentatarsostinius HAWKINS, 1840
P. dolichodeirus CONYBEARE, 1824 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus homei GRAY, 1831

Genus: Nova STORRS (in prep)
Plesiosaurus macrocephalus BUCKLAND, 1822
= Rhomaleosaurus macrocephalus (BUCKLAND, 1822) PERSSON, 1963
= Plesiosaurus brachycephalus SWINTON, 1948?

Genus: Nova STORRS (in prep)
= Plesiosaurus brachycephalus OWEN,

Incertae sedis

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. trigonus CUVIER, 1824 (nomen dubium)
P. pentagonus CUVIER, 1824 (nomen dubium)
P. carinatus CUVIER, 1824 (nomen dubium)
= Colymbosaurus carinatus (CUVIER, 1824) (nomen dubium)
P. carinatus CUVIER, 1829, non PHILLIPS, 1871
= Thaumatosaurus carinatus (CUVIER, 1829, non PHILLIPS, 1871) LYDEKKER, 1899
= Plesiosaurus biangulatus Cope, 1870 
= Plesiosaurus giganulatus COPE, (sic)
= Plesiosaurus carinatus CUVIER, 1839 non PHILLIPS, 1871 non CUVIER, 1829 (nomen dubium)
= Rhomaleosaurus carinatus (CUVIER, 1839) PERSSON, 1963 (nomen dubium)
P. pachyomus OWEN, 1839 (nomen dubium)
P. costatus OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. dibothrius OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. subtrigonus OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. macromus OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. affinis OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. fahrenkohlii FISCHER de WALDHEIM, 1846 (nomen dubium)
= Muraenosaurus fahrenkohlii (FISCHER de WALDHEIM, 1846) (nomen dubium)
P. truncatus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliosaurus truncates (OWEN, 1854) LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Muraenosaurus truncates (OWEN, 1854) SAUVAGE, 1911 (nomen dubium)
P. levis OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. dibothrius OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. latispinus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. depressicostatus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. leptopleuron OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. subconcavus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. compressus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. subplanus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. pectopleuron OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. brevis OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. megapleuron OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
= Colymbosaurus megapleuron (OWEN, 1854) DELAIR, 1959 (nomen dubium)
P. subdepressus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. platydeirus OWEN, 1854 (nomen dubium)
P. gurgitis PICTET & RENEVIER, 1858 (nomen dubium)
P. suevicus QUENSTEDT, 1858 (nomen dubium)
P. posidoniae QUENSTEDT, 1858 (nomen dubium)
P. neocomiensis PICTET & CAMPICHE, 1860 (nomen dubium)
P. plainspondylus DAMON, 1860 (nomen dubium)
P. platydeirus OWEN, 1860 (nomen dubium)
P. neogaeus (BURMEISTER, 1861) HUENE, 1927 (nomen dubium)
= Teleosaurus neogaeus BURMEISTER, 1861(nomen dubium) Note: Crocodilius neogaeus?
P. australis OWEN, 1861 (nomen dubium) (partim)
= Cimoliasaurus australis (OWEN, 1861) LYDEKKER, 1899 (nomen dubium) (partim)
= Elasmosaurus australis (OWEN, 1861) HORNIBROOK, 1962 (nomen dubium) (partim)
P. plesiosaurus trigonalis OWEN, 1864 (nomen dubium)
P. cycnodeirus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)
P. euryspondylus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)
P. microdeirus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)
P. ophiodeirus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)
P. poecilospondylus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)
P. platyderius SEELEY, 1869 non OWEN, 1854
P. crassicostatus OWEN, 1870 (partim) (nomen vanum)
P. erraticus PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. hexagonalis PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. infraplanus PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. validus PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. winspitensis SEELEY, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. ellipsospondylus PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus plicatus PHILLIPS, 1871
= Cimoliasaurus plicatus
(PHILLIPS, 1871) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Muraenosaurus plicatus
(PHILLIPS, 1871) SAUVAGE, 1879?
P. holmesi HECTOR ,1874 (partim) (nomen vanum)
= Cimoliasaurus holmesi (HECTOR, 1874) (partim) (nomen vanum)
= Elasmosaurus holmesi (HECTOR, 1874) (partim) (nomen vanum)
P. traversi HECTOR, 1874 (nomen vanum)
P. morinicus SAUVAGE, 1879 (nomen dubium)
= Thaumatosaurus morinicus (SAUVAGE, 1879) SAUVAGE, 1910-12 (nomen dubium)
= Rhomaleosaurus morinicus (SAUVAGE, 1879) (nomen dubium)
P. phillipsi SAUVAGE, 1879 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus carinatus PHILLIPS, 1871 non CUVIER, 1829
P. bithractensis SAUVAGE, 1883 (nomen dubium)
P. degenhardti KOKEN, 1887 (nomen dubium)
P. limnophilus KOKEN, 1887 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliosaurus limnophilus (KOKEN, 1887) (nomen dubium)
P. shirleyensis KNIGHT, 1900 (nomen dubium)
P. kanzleri KOKEN, 1905 (nomen vanum)
= Peloneustes kanzleri (KOKEN, 1905) TARLO, 1960 (nomen vanum)
= Elasmosaurus kanzleri (KOKEN, 1905) KUHN, 1964 (nomen vanum)
P. houzeaui DOLLO, 1909 (nomen dubium)
P. keuperinus HUENE, 1929
P. changduensis ZHAO, 1986
P. hesternus WELLES, 1943 (nomen dubium)
P. baurthicus KUHN, 1934 (nomen dubium)

Gen. sp indet.

Family: MICROCLEIDIDAE Benson, Ketchum, Naish & Turner, 2012

Genus: Eretmosaurus SEELEY, 1874
= Erethmosaurus HUENE, 1956 (sic)
E. rugosus (OWEN, 1840) SEELEY, 1874 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus rugosus OWEN, 1840
E. dubius BLAKE, in TATE & BLAKE, 1876
E. sp

Genus: Microcleidus WATSON, 1911
= Hydrorion GROßMANN, 2007
= Occitanosaurus BARDET, GODEFROIT & SCIAU, 1999
M. homalospondylus (OWEN, 1865) WATSON, 1911 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus homalospondylus OWEN, 1865
= Plesiosaurus coelospondylus CONYBEARE, 1842
= Plesiosaurus latispinus BENNEDEN, 1882 non OWEN, 1854
= Plesiosaurus brachypterygius HUENE, 1923
= Microcleidus brachypterygius (HUENE, 1923), BAKKER, 1993
= Hydrorion brachypterygius (HUENE, 1923) GROßMANN, 2007
= Plesiosaurus tournemirensis SCIAU, CROCHET & MATTEI, 1990
= Occitanosaurus tournemirensis (SCIAU, CROCHET & MATTEI, 1990) BARDET, GODEFROIT & SCIAU, 1999
M. macropterus (SEELEY, 1865) KUHN, 1934
= Plesiosaurus macropterus SEELEY, 1865
M. melusinae VINCENT, WEIS, KRONZ & DELSATE, 2017
M. sp

Genus: Seeleyosaurus WHITE, 1940
S. guilelmiimperatoris (DAMES, 1895) WHITE, 1940 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus guilelmi imperatorisDAMES, 1895
= Plesiosaurus imperatoris guilelmi MENNER, 1992
= Microcleidus guilelmi imperatoris (DAMES 1895) MENNER, 1992
= Seeleyosaurus holzmadensis WHITE, 1940
= Plesiosaurus guilelmi imperatoris FRAAS, 1910 non DAMES, 1895

Genus: Westphaliasaurus SCHWERMANN & SANDER, 2011
W. simonensii SCHWERMANN & SANDER, 2011 (Holotype)

Superfamily: CRYPTOCLEIDOIDEA Williston, 1925
= CRYPTOCLIDIA KETCHUM & BENSON, 2010

Family: CRYPTOCLEIDAE Williston, 1925

Genus: Djupedalia KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012C
D. engeri KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012C (Type)

Genus: Ophthalmothule ROBERTS, DRUCKENMILLER, CORDONNIER, DELSETT & HURUM, 2020
O. cryostea ROBERTS, DRUCKENMILLER, CORDONNIER, DELSETT & HURUM, 2020 (Type)

Subfamily: COLYMBOSAURINAE Benson & Bowdler, 2014

Genus: Abyssosaurus BEREZIN, 2011
A. nataliae BEREZIN, 2011 (Type)

Genus: Colymbosaurus SEELEY, 1874
C. megadeirus (SEELEY, 1869) SEELEY, 1874 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus megadeirus SEELEY, 1869
C. trochanterius (OWEN, 1840) SEELEY, 1874
= Plesiosaurus trochanterius OWEN, 1840
= Plesiosaurus (Pliosaurus) trochanterius (OWEN, 1840) OWEN, 1841
= Pliosaurus trochanterius (OWEN, 1840) PHILLIPS, 1871
= Cimoliosaurus trochanterius (OWEN, 1840) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Cryptocleidus trochanterius (OWEN, 1840) SAUVAGE, 1911
= Pliosaurus portlandicus OWEN, 1869
= Cimoliosaurus portlandicus (OWEN, 1869) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Colymbosaurus portlandicus (OWEN, 1869) SEELEY, 1892
= Plesiosaurus macrodeirus SEELEY, 1869
C. svalbardensis (PERSSON, 1962) KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012A
= Tricleidus svalbardensis PERSSON, 1962 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. manselii HULKE, 1870
= Plesiosaurus manseli
LYDEKKER, 1888 (sic)
= Muraenosaurus manselli
SEELEY, 1874 (sic)
= Muraenosaurus manselii
(HULKE, 1870) SAUVAGE, 1879
= Colymbosaurus manselii
(HULKE, 1870) SEELEY, 1892

Genus: Pantosaurus MARSH, 1893
= Parasaurus MARSH, 1891 non MEYER, 1857
P. stiatus (MARSH, 1891) MARSH, 1893 (Type)
= Parasaurus stiatus MARSH, 1891
= Muraenosaurus reedii MEHL, 1912 (nomen dubium)

Subfamily: CRYPTOCLEIDINAE Williston, 1925
= Family: MURAENOSAURIDAE White, 1940
= Family: TREMAMESACLEIDIDAE White, 1940
= Subfamily: MURAENOSAURINAE White, 1940

= Subfamily: TREMAMESACLEIDINAE White, 1940
= Clade name: TRICLEIDIA O’KEEFE, 2001

Genus: Cryptocleidus SEELEY, 1892
= Apractocleidus SMELLIE, 1916
= Crytoclidus GASPARINI & SPALLETTI, 1993 (sic)
C. eurymerus (PHILLIPS, 1871) SEELEY, 1892 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus eurymerus PHILLIPS, 1871
= Cimoliosaurus eurymerus (PHILLIPS, 1871) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Plesiosaurus oxfordiensis SEELEY, 1869 (nomen nudum)
= Plesiosaurus oxoniensis PHILLIPS, 1871
= Muraenosaurus oxoniensis (PHILLIPS, 1871) SEELEY, 1874
= Cimoliosaurus oxoniensis (PHILLIPS, 1871) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Plesiosaurus durobrivensis SEELEY, 1892
= Muraenosaurus (Cryptoclidus) platymerus SEELEY, 1892
= Cryptocleidus platymerus (SEELEY, 1892) ANDREWS, 1895
= Apractocleidus teretipes SMELLIE, 1916
C. richardsoni (LYDEKKER, 1889) BOGOLUBOV, 1909
= Cimoliosaurus richardsoni LYDEKKER, 1889

Genus: Kimmerosaurus BROWN, 1981
K. langhami BROWN, 1981 (Type)
K. sp

Genus: Muraenosaurus SEELEY, 1874
= Picrocleidus ANDREWS, 1909
= Tremamesacleis WHITE, 1940
M. leedsii SEELEY, 1874 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus leedsi (SEELEY, 1874) WHIDBORNE, 1881
= Cimoliasaurus durobrivensis LYDEKKER, 1889
= Muraenosaurus durobrivensis (LYDEKKER, 1889) ANDREWS, 1909
= Tremamescaleis durobrivensis (LYDEKKER, 1889) WHITE, 1940
= Muraenosaurus platyclis SEELEY, 1892
= Tremamesacleis platyclis (SEELEY, 1892) WHITE, 1940
M. belcolis SEELEY, 1892
= Pirocleidus beloclis (SEELEY, 1892) ANDREWS, 1909

Genus: Tricleidus ANDREWS, 1909
T. seeleyi ANDREWS, 1909 (Type)

Genus: Vinialesaurus GASPARINI, BARDET & ITURRALDE-VINENT, 2002
V. caroli (De La TORRE & ROJAS, 1949) GASPARINI, BARDET & ITURRALDE-VINENT, 2002 (Type)
= Cryptocleidus cuervoi caroli De La TORRE & ROJAS, 1949 (nomen dubium)
= Cryptocleidus cuervoi caroli De La TORRE & ROJAS, 1949 (sic)
= Cryptocleidus caroli De La TORRE & ROJAS, 1949 (nomen dubium)
= Cryptocleidus? vignalensis De La TORRE & CUERVO, 1949 (on a label)
= Cryptocleidus cuervoi ROJAS, 1949 (nomen dubium)
= Cryptocleidus cuervoi avesadai ROJAS, 1949 (nomen dubium)

XENOPSARIA BENSON & DRUCKEMILLER, 2013

Incertae sedis

Gen. sp indet.

Superfamily: LEPTOCLEIDOIDEA White, 1940 emend Druckenmiller & Russell, 2008
= LEPTOCLEIDIA KETCHUM & BENSON, 2010

Family: LEPTOCLEIDIDAE White, 1940
= Family: BRANCASAURIDAE White, 1940

Genus: Brancasaurus WEGNER, 1914
= Gronausaurus HAMPE, 2013
B. brancai WEGNER, 1914 (Type)
= Gronausaurus wegneri HAMPE, 2013

Genus: Leptocleidus ANDREWS, 1922
= Peyereus STROMER, 1935
L. superstes ANDREWS, 1922 (Type)
L. capensis (ANDREWS, 1911) CRUICKSHANK, 1997
= Plesiosaurus capensis ANDREWS, 1911
= Peyereus capensis (ANDREWS, 1911) STROMER, 1935
L. clemai CRUICKSHANK & LONG, 1997
L. sp

Genus: Nichollssaura DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2009
= Nichollsia DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2008 non CHOPRA & TIWARI, 1950
= Genus Nova DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2004
N. borealis (DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2008) DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2009 (Type)
= Nichollsia borealis DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2008

Genus: Umoonasaurus KEAR, SCHROEDER & LEE, 2006
U. demoscyllus KEAR, SCHROEDER & LEE, 2006 (Type)

Genus: Vectocleidus BENSON, KETCHUM, NAISH, & TURNER, 2012
V. pastorum BENSON, KETCHUM, NAISH, & TURNER, 2012 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

Family: POLYCOTYLIDAE Cope, 1869
= Family: TRINACROMERIDAE Nopcsa, 1923
= Subfamily: TRINACROMERINAE Nopcsa, 1923

Genus: Edgarosaurus DRUCKENMILLER, 2002
E. muddi DRUCKENMILLER, 2002 (Type)
= Genus: Nova DAMONE, 1994

Genus: Pahaspasaurus SCHUMACHER, 2007
= Genus Nova VONLOH & BELL, 1998, SCHUMACHER & BELL, 1999
P. haasi SCHUMACHER, 2007 (Type)

Genus: Serpentisuchops PERSONS IV, STREET & KELLEY, 2022
S. pfisterae PERSONS IV, STREET & KELLEY, 2022 (Type)

Subfamily: PALMULASAURINE Albright, Gillette & Titus, 2007c
= Subfamily: PALMULA Albright, Gillette & Titus, 2007a

Genus: Palmulasaurus ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007c
= Palmula LEA 1833 non ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007a
P. quadratus (ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007a) ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007c
= Palmula quadratus ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007a (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

CLADE NAME: OCCULTONECTIA FISCHER, BENSON, DRUCKENMILLER, KETCHUM & BARDET, 2018

Genus: Mauriciosaurus FREY, MULDER, STINNESBECK, RIVERA-SYLVA, PADILLA-GUTIERREZ, & GONZALEZ-GONZALEZ, 2017
M. fernandezi FREY, MULDER, STINNESBECK, RIVERA-SYLVA, PADILLA-GUTIERREZ, & GONZALEZ-GONZALEZ, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Plesiopleurodon CARPENTER, 1996
P. wellesi CARPENTER, 1996 (Type)

Genus: Sulcusuchus GASPARINI & SPALLETTI, 1990
S. erraini GASPARINI & SPALLETTI, 1990 (Type)
Note: Was thought to be a dyrosaurid mesosuchian, but Gasparini & Fuente (1999) placed it into the polycotylids.

Genus: Thililua BARDET, PEREDA SUBERBIOLA & JALIL, 2003b
T. longicollis BARDET, PEREDA SUBERBIOLA & JALIL, 2003b (Type)

Genus: Nova (Richmond Pliosaur)

Subfamily: POLYCOTYLINAE Cope, 1869

Genus: Dolichorhynchops WILLISON, 1902
D. osborni WILLISTON, 1902 (Type)
= Polycotylus osborni (WILLISTON, 1902) WATSON, 1951?
= Trinacromerum osborni (WILLISTON, 1902) KUHN, 1934
D. bonneri (ADAMS, 1974) O’KEEFE, 2008
= Trinacromerum bonneri ADAMS, 1974 (nomen vanum)
D. herschelensis 2005
= Genus: Nova SATO, 2002
D. tropicensis McKEAN, 2012
= cf. Dolichorhynchops sp SCHMEISSER & GILLETTE, 2009
D. sp

Genus: Eopolycotylus ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007a
E. rankini ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE & TITUS, 2007a (Type)

Genus: Georgiasaurus OTSCHEV, 1977
= Georgia OTSCHEV, 1976 non BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853
G. penzensis (OTSCHEV, 1976) OTSCHEV, 1977 (Type)
= Georgia penzensis OTSCHEV, 1976

Genus: Manemergus BUCHY, METAYER & FREY, 2005
M. anguirostris BUCHY, METAYER & FREY, 2005 (Type)

Genus: Polycotylus COPE, 1869
P. latipinnis COPE, 1869 (Type)
= Polyctylus dolichopus WILLLISTON, 1906
P. tenius HECTOR, 1874
P. suprajurensis SAUVAGE, 1876
P. sopozkoi EFIMOV, MELESHIN, & NIKIFOROV, 2016

Genus: Trinacromerum CRAGIN, 1888
= Ceraunosaurus THURMOND 1968
= Piratosaurus LEIDY, 1865
T. bentonianum CRAGIN, 1888 (Type)
= Trinacromerum anonymum WILLISTON, 1903
= Trinacromerum willistoni RIGGS, 1944
= Dolichorhynchops willistoni (RIGGS, 1944) WELLS, 1962
= Ceraunosaurus brownorum THURMOND, 1968
T. latimanus WILLISTON, 1906
T. kirki RUSSELL, 1935
= Dolichorhynchops kirki (RUSSELL, 1935) BARDACK,1986
T. sp
T. sp (Freshwater)

Genus: Nova IRWIN & SCHUMACHER, 2003

Gen. sp indet.

Incertae sedis

Genus: Neopliosaurus SINTZOV, 1898 (nomen dubium)
N. sp (no species given) SINTZOV, 1898 (Type)

Genus: Cimoliosaurus non LEIDY, 1851
C. leucoscopelus ETHERIDGE, 1897
= Trinacromerum leucoscopelus (ETHERIDGE, 1897) MOLNAR, 1982 (nomen dubium)
= Dolichorhynchops leucoscopleus (ETHERIDGE, 1897) (nomen dubium)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
= Plesiosaurus ichthyospondylus SEELEY, 1869 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Polycotylus non COPE, 1869
P. brevispondylus BOGOLOBOV, 1911(nomen dubium)
P. epiguritis BOGOLOBOV, 1911(nomen dubium)
P. ichthyospondylus tanais BOGOLOBOV, 1911(nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus ichthyospondylus tanais (BOGOLOBOV, 1911) (nomen dubium)
= Trinacromerum ichthyospondylus tanais (BOGOLOBOV, 1911) (nomen dubium)
P. orientalis BOGOLOBOV, 1911(nomen dubium)
= Trinacromerum orientalis (BOGOLOBOV, 1911) (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus ichthyspondylus SCHRODER, 1885 non SEELEY, 1869(nomen dubium)
P. ultimus BOGOLOBOV, 1911(nomen dubium)
P. donicus PRAVOSLAVLEV, 1915 (nomen dubium)
P. sp

Genus: Trinacromerum non CRAGIN, 1888
T. plicatus (LEIDY, 1865) (nomen dubium)
= Piratosaurus plicatus LEIDY, 1865 (nomen dubium)

Superfamily: ELASMOSAUROIDEA Cope, 1869

Family: ELASMOSAURIDAE Cope, 1869
= Family: CIMOLIASAURIDAE Delair, 1959

Genus: Alexeyisaurus SENNIKOV & ARKHANGELSKY, 2010
A. karnoushenkoi SENNIKOV & ARKANGELSKY, 2010 (Type)

Genus: Callawayasaurus CARPENTER, 1999
C. columbiensis (WELLES, 1962) CARPENTER, 1999 (Type)
= Alzadasaurus columbiensis WELLES, 1962
C. nova PARAMO-FONSECA, PADILLA, O'GORMAN, GASPARINI, & PARRA RUGE, 2016

Genus: Eromangasaurus KEAR, 2005 (published in 2006)
E. carinognathus KEAR, 2005 (published in 2006) (Type)
= Woolungasaurus cf. W. glendowerensis PERSSON, 1982
= Tuarangisaurus australis SACHS, 2005

Genus: Fluvionectes CAMPBELL, MITCHELL, RYAN & ANDERSON, 2021
F. sloanae CAMPBELL, MITCHELL, RYAN & ANDERSON, 2021 (Type)

Genus: Goniosaurus MEYER, 1860
G. binskhorsti MEYER, 1860 (Type)

Genus: Lagenanectes SACHS, HORNUG & KEAR, 2017
L. richterae SACHS, HORNUG & KEAR, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Plesioelasmosaurus SCHUMACHER & EVERHART, 2022
P. walkeri SCHUMACHER & EVERHART, 2022 (Type)
= Elasmosauridae incertae sedis SCHUMACHER & EVERHART, 2005

Genus: Tuarangisaurus WIFFEN & MOISLEY, 1986
= Tourangisaurus ARAUJO, POLCYN, MATEUS & SCHULP, 2010 (sic)
T. keysei WIFFEN & MOISLEY, 1986 (Type)
T. sp

Genus: Wapuskanectes DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2006
W. betsynichollsae DRUCKENMILLER & RUSSELL, 2006 (Type)

Genus: Zarafasaura VINCENT, BARDET, PEREDA SUBERBIOLA, BOUYA, AMAGHZAZ & MESLOUH, 2011
Z. oceanis VINCENT, BARDET, PEREDA SUBERBIOLA, BOUYA, AMAGHZAZ & MESLOUH, 2011 (Type)

Genus: Nova D'ANGELO, MARSA, AGNOLIN & NOVAS, 2023

Genus: Nova ARAUJO, POLCYN, MATEUS & SCHULP, 2010, ARUJO, LOUIS, POLCYN, MATEUS & SCHULP, 2011

Genus: Nova GASPARINI & FUENETE, 1999

Genus: Nova GASPARINI & SALGADO, 1999

Genus: Nova GASPARINI, SALGADO & CASADIO, 2002

Genus: Nova HILLER, 2004

Genus: Nova HILLER, 2004

Genus: Nova OGAWA & NAKAYA, 1995

Genus: Nova SACHS, HORNUNG, WOHLSEIN, & KEAR, 2015

Genus: Nova SATO, BRYANT, HASEGAWA & MANABE, 2006

Genus: Nova? VOORHIES, 1994

Plesiosaurus guilemi imperatoris FRAAS, 1910 non DAMES, 1895
= Plesiopterys wildi O'KEEFE, 2004 (Type)

Genus sp indet Hypsodon lewesiensis AGASSIZ, 1875 (referred material)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. sutherlandi McCOY, 1867(nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus sutherlandi (MacCOY, 1867) (nomen dubium)
= Pliosaurus sutherlandi (MacCOY, 1867) (nomen dubium)
P. gulo COPE, 1872 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Cimoliasaurus non LEIDY, 1851
C. smithi (OWEN, 1884) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Plesiosaurus smithi OWEN, 1882 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Thalassiosaurus WELLES, 1943 (nomen dubium)
T. ischidicus (WILLISTON, 1903) WELLES, 1943 (Type)
= Polycotylus ischiadicus WILLISTON, 1903 (nomen dubium)
= Elasmosaurus ischiadicus (WILLISTON, 1903) WILLISTON, 1906 (nomen dubium)
= Ogmodirus ischiadicus (WILLISTON, 1903) WILLISTON & MOODE, 1917 (nomen dubium)

CLADE: EUELASMOSAURIDA O’GORMAN, 2019 (published 2020)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Cardiocorax ARAUJO, POLCYN, SCHULP, MATEUS, JACOBS, GONCALVES & MORAIS, 2014
C. mukulu ARAUJO, POLCYN, SCHULP, MATEUS, JACOBS, GONCALVES & MORAIS, 2014 (Type)

Genus: Libonectes CARPENTER, 1997
L. morgani (WELLES 1949) (Type)
= Elasmosaurus morganiWELLES, 1949
L. atlasense BUCHY, 2005

Gen. sp indet.

Subfamily: ELASMOSAURINAE Cope, 1869

Genus: Elasmosaurus COPE, 1868
E. platyurus COPE, 1868 (Type)
= Discosaurus carinatus COPE, 1868
= Cimoliasaurus sp ZITTEL, 1890

Genus: Fresnosaurus WELLES, 1943
F. drescheri WELLES, 1943 (Type)

Genus: Thalassomeodon WELLES, 1943
T. haningtoni WELLES, 1943 (Type)
= Alzadasaurus riggsi WELLES, 1943
= Elasmosaurus serpentinus Fide RIGGS, 1939

Subfamily: STYXOSAURINAE Otero, 2016

Genus: Albertonectes KUBO, MITCHELL & HENDERSON, 2012
A. vanderveldei KUBO, MITCHELL & HENDERSON, 2012 (Type)

Genus: Kawanectes O'GORMAN, 2016
K. lafquenianum (GASPARINI, & GONI, 1985) O'GORMAN, 2016 (Type)
= Trinacromerum lafquenianum GASPARINI & GONI, 1985

Genus: Mauisaurus HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium)
M. haasti HECTOR, 1874 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus haasti (HECTOR, 1874) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Elasmosaurus haasti (HECTOR, 1874) BOGOLUBOV, 1911
= Plesiosaurus australis OWEN, 1861 (partim)
= Ichthyosaurus HECTOR, 1870
= Mauisaurus brachiolatus HECTOR, 1874
= Plesiosaurus (Mauisaurus) brachiolatus (HECTOR, 1874)
= Mauisaurus latibrachialis HECTOR, 1874 (sic)
= Mauisaurus latibirolatus HECTOR, 1871 (sic)
M. sp

Genus: Mauisaurus non HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium)
M. gardneri SEELEY, 1877 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus constrictus OWEN, 1850
= Plesiosaurus gardneri (SEELEY, 1877) WHIDBORNE, 1881

Genus: Hydrotherosaurus WELLES, 1943
H. alexandrae WELLES, 1943 (Type)

Genus: Nakonanectes SERRATOS, DRUCKENMILLER & BENSON, 2017
N. bradti SERRATOS, DRUCKENMILLER & BENSON, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Scanisaurus PERSSON, 1969
S. nazarowi (BOGOLOBOV, 1911) PERSSON, 1969 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus nazarowi BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
S. sp

Genus: Styxosaurus WELLES, 1943
= Hydralmosaurus WELLES, 1943
= Thalassonomosaurus WELLES, 1943
S. snowii (WILLISTON, 1890) WELLES, 1943 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus snowiiWILLISTON, 1890
= Elasmosaurus snowii (WILLISTON, 1890) WILLISTON, 1906
= Elasmosaurus marshiiWILLISTON, 1906 (nomen dubium)
= Elasmosaurus ischiadicus WILLISTON, 1906 (Referred specimen)
= Ogmodirus ischiadicus WILLISTON & MOODIE, 1917 (Referred specimen)
S. serpentinus (COPE, 1871) emend OTERO, 2016
= Elasmosaurus serpentinus COPE, 1871
= Hydralmosaurus serpentinus (COPE, 1871) WELLES, 1943
Note: Otero (2016) placed Hydralmosaurus serpentinus in Styxosaurus sp. However, because there is an assigned species name to the specimen, the name should be Styxosaurus serpentinus not Styxosaurus sp.
S. marshii (WILLISTON, 1906) emend OTERO, 2016
= Thalassonomosaurus marshii (WILLISTON, 1906) WELLES, 1943 (nomen dubium)
Note: Otero (2016) placed Thalassonomosaurus marshi in Styxosaurus sp. However, because there is an assigned species name to the specimen, the name should be Styxosaurus marshii not Styxosaurus sp.
S. pembertoni (WELLES & BUMP, 1949) emend OTERO, 2016
= Alzadasaurus pembertoni WELLES & BUMP, 1949
Note: Otero (2016) placed Alzadasaurus pembertoni in Styxosaurus sp. However, because there is an assigned species name to the specimen, the name should be Styxosaurus pembertoni not Styxosaurus sp.
S. kansasensis (WELLES, 1952) emend OTERO, 2016
= Alzadasaurus kansasensis WELLES, 1952
Note: Otero (2016) placed Alzadasaurus kansensis in Styxosaurus sp. However, because there is an assigned species name to the specimen, the name should be Styxosaurus kansasensis not Styxosaurus sp.
S. browni WELLES, 1952
S. sp

Genus: Terminonatator SATO, 2003
T. ponteixensis SATO, 2003 (Type)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Alzadasaurus COLBERT, 1949 non WELLES, 1943
A. tropicus COLBERT, 1949 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Cimoliasaurus non LEIDY, 1851
C. caudalis HULTON, 1899 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Cimoliasaurus LEIDY, 1851 (nomen dubium)
= Symoliosaurus LYDEKKER, 1889
C. magnus LEIDY, 1851 (Type)
= Discosaurus magnus (LEIDY, 1851) LEIDY, 1870 (nomen vanum)
= Cimoliasaurus neocamniensis OWEN, 1861 (nomen dubium)
C. planior (LEIDY, 1870) COPE, 1875 (nomen dubium)
= Discosaurus planior LEIDY, 1870 (nomen dubium)
C. tenuis HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium)
C. cantabrigiensis LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
C. andium DEECKE, 1894 (nomen dubium)
C. maccoyi ETHERIDGE, 1904 (nomen dubium)
C. teplicensis FRITSCH, 1905 (nomen dubium)
C. lissaensis FRITSCH, 1905 (nomen dubium)
C. vicinus FRITSCH, 1905 (nomen dubium)
C. hirzsbergi KUHN, 1934 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus portlandicus HIZBERG, 1924 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus mizbergi KUHN, 1934 (sic)
C. sp

Genus: Discosaurus LEIDY, 1851 (nomen vanum)
D. vetustus LEIDY, 1851 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus vetustus(LEIDY, 1851) COPE, 1869

Genus: Elasmosaurus non COPE, 1868
E. orientalis COPE, 1868 (nomen dubium)
= Discosaurus orientalis (COPE, 1868) LEIDY, 1870 (nomen dubium)
E. helmersenii (KIPRIJANOFF, 1882) PERSSON, 1960 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus helmersenii KIPRIJANOFF, 1882 (nomen dubium)
E. gigas SCHROEDER, 1885 (nomen dubium)
E. sternbergi WILLISTON, 1906 (nomen dubium) (referred material)
E. nobilis WILLISTON, 1906 (nomen dubium)
= Thalassonomosaurus nobilis (WILLISTON, 1906) (nomen dubium)
E. kurskensis BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus helmersenii KIPRIJANOFF, 1883 (referred material)
E. orskensis BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
E. serdobensis BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
E? sachalinensis RYABININ, 1915 (nomen dubium)
E. amalitskii PRAVOSLAVLEV, 1916 (nomen dubium)
E. antiquus DUBEIKOVSKII & OCHEV, 1967 (nomen dubium)
E. sp

Genus: Eretmosaurus non SEELEY, 1874
E. rzasnickii MENNER, 1948 (nomen dubium)
E? jakowlewi MENNER, 1948 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Leurospondylus BROWN, 1913
L. ultimus BROWN, 1913 (Type)

Genus: Muraenosaurus non SEELEY, 1874
M. brevior (LYDEKKER, 1889) SAUVAGE, 1911 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus brevior LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus infraplanus SAUVAGE, 1879 non PHILLIPS, 1871
= Plesiosaurus plicatus SAUVAGE, 1879
= Plesiosaurus doedicomus OWEN, (1840). Delair, p. 60. However, Delair 1959 spells it P. daedicomus, Owen (no date).  As for Lydekker, 1889, he has (?) Plesiosaurus dædicomus, Owen, 1839 (1840). Kuhn, 1935, P. doedicomus; Kuhn 1965, P. diaedicomus. Apparently now spelled P. diadicomus, but the Greek specific name element doedico- means ‘pestle’. Under the ICZN Article 27, the spelling is doedicomus.
M. purbecki BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
M. elasmosauroides BOGOLOBOV, 1911 (nomen dubium)
M. mazetieri BIGOT, 1938 (nomen dubium)
M. kamensis DUBEIKOVSKII & OCHEV, 1967 (nomen dubium)
M. sp

Genus: Ogmodirus WILLISTON & MOODIE, 1917 (nomen dubium)
O. martinii WILLISTON & MOODIE, 1917 (Type)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. chilensis GERVAIS in GRAY, 1848 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliosaurus chilensis (GERVAIS in GRAY, 1848) LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Pliosaurus chilensis (GERVAIS in GRAY, 1848) DEECKE, 1895 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus andium DECKE, 1896 (nomen dubium)
P. constrictus OWEN, 1850 (nomen dubium)
P. planus (OWEN, 1864) non HULKE, 1883 (nomen dubium)
= Pliosaurus planus (OWEN, 1864) TARLO, 1960 (nomen dubium)
P. macrospondylus McCOY, 1867 (nomen dubium)
P. brevifemur COPE, 1875 (nomen dubium)
P. mudgei CRAGIN, 1894 (nomen dubium)
P. neocamniensis PICTET & CAMPICHE, 1860
= Cimoliasaurus neocamniensis (PICTET & CAMPICHE, 1860) OWEN, 1861 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus mammilatus OWEN, 1864 (nomen vanum)
P. australis OWEN, 1861 (nomen dubium) (partim)
= Cimoliasaurus australis (OWEN, 1861) LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
P. crassicostatus OWEN, 1870 (nomen vanum)
= Cimoliasaurus crassicostatus OWEN, 1870 (nomen vanum)
P. hoodi OWEN, 1870 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus hoodi (OWEN, 1870) LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Elasmosaurus hoodi (OWEN, 1870) PRAVOSLAVLEV, 1919 (nomen dubium)
P. dewalquei VAN BENEDEN, 1882 (nomen dubium)
P. holmesi HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus holmesi (HECTOR, 1874) (nomen dubium)
= Elasmosaurus holmesi (HECTOR, 1874) (nomen dubium)
P. mackayi HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus mackayi (HECTOR, 1874) (nomen dubium)
P. traversii HECTOR 1874 (nomen dubium)
P. haasti (HECTOR, 1874) (nomen dubium) (partim)
= Mauisaurus haasti HECTOR, 1874 (nomen dubium) (partim)
P. gouldii WILLISTON, 1897 (nomen dubium)
P. mauritanicus AMBOURG, (& SIGNEUX) 1952 (nomen dubium)
P. sp

Genus: Pliosaurus non OWEN, 1841
P. gigas SCHRODER, 1885 (nomen vanum)
= Elasmosaurus gigas (SCHRODER, 1885) PERSSON, 1963 (nomen vanum)

Genus: Trinacromerium non CRAGIN, 1888
T. lafquenianum GASPARINI & GONI, 1985

Genus: Woolungosaurus PERSSON, 1960 (moved to Elmasauridae incertae sedis by Poropat, Bell, Hart, Salisbury & Kear, 2023)
W. glendowerensis PERSSON, 1960 (Type)
= Styxosaurus glendowerensis (PERSSON, 1960) SACHS, 2004

Gen. sp indet. (Cimolisauridae)

Gen. sp indet.

Gen. sp indet (Freshwater)

WEDDELLONECTIA O’GORMAN, & CORIA, 2016

Genus: Aphrosaurus WELLES, 1943
A. furlongi WELLES, 1943 (Type)

Genus: Vegasaurus O’GORMAN, SALGADO, OLIVERO & MARENSSI, 2015
V. molyi O’GORMAN, SALGADO, OLIVERO & MARENSSI, 2015 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

Subfamily: ARISTONECTINAE O'Keefe & Street, 2009
= Family: ARISTONECTIDAE O'Keefe & Street, 2009

Genus: Alexandronectes OTERO, O’GORMAN, HILLER, O’KEEFE & FORDYCE, 2016
A. zealandiensis OTERO, O’GORMAN, HILLER, O’KEEFE & FORDYCE, 2016 (Type)

Genus: Aristonectes CABREA, 1941
A. parvidens
CABREA, 1941 (Type)
A. quiriquinensis OTERO, SOTO-ACUNA, O'KEEFE, O'GORMAN, STINNESBECK, SUAREZ, RUBILAR-ROGERS, SALAZAR & QUINZIO-SINN, 2014
A. sp

Genus: Futabasaurus SATO, HASEGAWA & MANABE, 2006
F. suzukii SATO, HASEGAWA & MANABE, 2006 (Type)

Genus: Kaiwhekea CRUICKSHANK & FORDYCE, 2002
K. katiki CRUICKSHANK & FORDYCE, 2002 (Type)
= Cryptocledia genus: Nova LONG, 1998

Genus: Morenosaurus WELLES, 1943
M. stocki WELLES, 1943 (Type)
M. sp

Genus: Morturneria CHATTERJEE & CREISLER, 1994
= Turneria CHATTERJEE & SMALL 1989 non FOREL 1895
M. seymourensis
(CHATTERJEE & SMALL 1989) CHATTERJEE & CREISLER, 1994 (Type
= Turneria seymourensis CHATTERJEE & SMALL 1989

Genus: Tatenectes O’KEEFE & WAHL, 2003b
T. laramiensis (KNIGHT, 1900) O’KEEFE & WAHL, 2003b (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus laramiensis KNIGHT, 1900
= Tricleidus laramiensis (KNIGHT, 1900) MEHL, 1912

Genus: Wunyelfia OTERO & SOTO-ACUNA, 2021
W. maulensis OTERO & SOTO-ACUNA, 2021 (Type)

Genus: Nova? (= Aristonectinae gen. et. sp indet.O'GORMAN, GASPARINI & SALGADO, 2014)
= Tuarangisaurus non WIFFEN & MOISLEY, 1986
T? cabazai emend GASPARINI, SALGADO & CASADIO, 2003

Gen. sp indet.

Incertae sedis

Genus: Colymbosaurus non SEELEY, 1872
C. brachistospondylus (HULKE, 1870) LYDEKKER, 1889 (misspelling of Cimoliasaurus nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus brachistospondylus HULKE, 1870 (nomen dubium)
C. dutertrei SAUVAGE 1879 (nomen dubium)
C. sklerodirus BOGOLUBOV, 1912 (nomen dubium)
C. sp

Genus: Cryptocleidus non SEELEY, 1892
C. simbirskensis BOGOLIUBOV, 1909 (nomen dubium)
C. beaugrandi SAUVAGE, 1912 (nomen dubium)
C. kimmeridgensis HIRSZBERG, 1924 (nomen dubium)
C. aldingeri HUENE, 1935 (nomen dubium)
= Cryptocleidus (subgenus Apractocleidus) aldingeri (HUENE, 1935) (nomen dubium)
C. sp

Genus: Mauisaurus non HECTOR, 1874
M. haasti WELLS & GREGG, 1971, HILLER et al., 2005 (Note: as per O’gorman, Otero & Hiller, 2014)

Gen. sp indet.

INFRAORDER: PLIOSAUROMORPHA NOVA

Superfamily: PLIOSAUROIDEA Seeley, 1874
= Superfamily: BRACHYDEIRA Seeley, 1892
= SUBORDER: BRACHYDEIRA SEELEY, 1892

Incertae sedis

Genus: Attenborosaurus BAKKER, 1993
A. conybearei (SOLLAS, 1881) BAKKER, 1993 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus conybeari SOLLAS, 1881
= Plesiosaurus laticeps OWEN, in DAVIES, 1867 (nomen manuscriptum)
= Plesiosaurus laticeps OWEN, 1882

Genus: Hauffiosaurus O’KEEFE, 2001
H. longirostris (BLAKE, in TATE & BLAKE, 1876) BENSON, KETCHUM, NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2011
= Macroplata longirostris (BLAKE, in TATE & BLAKE, 1876) WHITE, 1940
= Plesiosaurus longirostris BLAKE, in TATE & BLAKE, 1876
= Genus: Nova NOE, 2007 (as per SATO & WU, 2008)
H. zanoni O’KEEFE, 2001 (Type)
H. tomistomimus BENSON, KETCHUM, NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2011
= Rhomaleosaurus longirostris BLAKE in TATE & BLAKE; HALSTEAD in BROADHURST & DUFFY, 1970
= Macroplata longirostris (BLAKE in TATE & BLAKE) CRUICKSHANK, 1996

Genus: Marmornectes KETCHUM & BENSON, 2011
M. candrewi KETCHUM & BENSON, 2011 (Type)

Genus: Rhaeticosaurus WINTRICH, HAYASHI, HOUSSAYE, KAKAJIMA & SANDER, 2018
R. mertensi WINTRICH, HAYASHI, HOUSSAYE, KAKAJIMA & SANDER, 2018 (Type)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. nothosauroides DAMES, 1895
P. robustus DAMES, 1895

Genus: Thalassiodracon STORRS & TAYLOR, 1996
= Hezatarostinus HAWKINS, 1840 (sic)
T. hawkinsii (OWEN, 1840) STORRS & TAYLOR, 1996 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus triotarsostinus HAWKINS, 1834
= Plesiosaurus tessarestarostrinus HAWKINS, 1834 (sic)
= Plesiosaurus hawkinsii OWEN, 1840
= Plesiosaurus hawkinsi (OWEN, 1840) LYDEKKER, 1889 (sic)
= Plesiosaurus etheridgii HAWKINS, 1834
= Plesiosaurus? pentatarsostinus HAWKINS, 1834
= Plesiosaurus hexatarsostinus HAWKINS, 1834
= Hezatarostinus HAWKINS, 1840 (sic)
= Plesiosaurus cliduchus SEELEY, 1865
= Plesiosaurus eleutheraxon SEELEY, 1865 (nomen dubium)

Gen. sp indet (Fresh water)

Gen. sp indet (Salt water)

THALASSOPHONEA BENSON & DRUCKENBILLER, 2013

Incertae sedis

Genus: Eardasaurus KETCHUM & BENSON, 2022
E. powelli KETCHUM & BENSON, 2022 (Type)

Genus: Gallardosaurus GASPARINI, 2009
G. iturraldei GASPARINI, 2009 (Type)

Genus: Lorrainosaurus SACHS, MADZIA, THUY & KEAR, 2023
L. keileni (GODEFROIT, 1994) SACHS, MADZIA, THUY & KEAR, 2023 (Type)
= Simolestes keileni GODEFROIT, 1994

Genus: Liopleurodon SAUVAGE, 1873
L. ferox SAUVAGE, 1873 (Type)
= Polyptychodon ferox (SAUVAGE, 1873) SAUVAGE, 1880
= Pliosaurus ferox (SAUVAGE, 1873) LYDEKKER, 1888
= Pliosaurus giganteus WAGNER, 1852
= ?Ischyrodon meriani MEYER, 1856
= Thaumatosaurus mosquensis KIPRIJANOFF, 1883
L. pachydeirus (SEELEY, 1869) TARLO, 1960
= Pliosaurus pachydeirus SEELEY, 1869
= Pliosaurus ferox LYDEKKER, 1888
= Liopleurodon ferox (LYDEKKER, 1888) SAUVAGE, 1905
L. Species: Nova? (STOKES, 1994)
L. sp

Gen. sp indet.

 Family: PLIOSAURIDAE Seeley, 1874

Genus: Arminisaurus SACHS & KEAR, 2017
A. schuberti SACHS & KEAR, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Bathyspondylus DELAIR, 1982
B. swindoniensis DELAIR, 1982 (Type)

Genus: Cryonectes VINCENT, BARDET & MATTIOLI, 2013
C. neustriacus VINCENT, BARDET & MATTIOLI, 2013 (Type)
= Cryonectes neustriacus VINCENT, BARDET & MATTIOLI, 2012 (nomen nudum)

Genus: Eurysaurus GAUDRY, 1878
E. raincourti GAUDRY, 1878 (Type)

Genus: Hastanectes BENSON, KETCHUM, NAISH & TURNER, 2012
H. valdensis (LYDEKKER, 1889) BENSON, KETCHUM, NAISH & TURNER, 2012 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus valdensis LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliosaurus valdensis LYDEKKER, 1889 (sic)
= Plesiosaurus valdensis (LYDEKKER, 1889) KOKEN, 1905 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Maresaurus GASPARINI, 1997
M. coccai GASPARINI, 1997 (Type)

Genus: Megalneusaurus KNIGHT, 1898
M. rex (KNIGHT, 1895) KNIGHT, 1898 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus rex KNIGHT, 1895

Genus: Pachycostasaurus CRUICKSHANK, MARTILL & NOE, 1996
P. dawni CRUICKSHANK, MARTILL & NOE, 1996 (Type)

Genus: Peloneustus LYDEKKER, 1889
P. philarchus (SEELEY, 1869) LYDEKKER, 1889 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus philarchus SEELEY, 1869
= Thaumatosaurus philarchus (SEELEY, 1869) LYDEKKER, 1888
= Peloneustus philarchus var spathyrhynchus LINDER, 1913
P. kiangschenensis ZHAO, 1986
P. Species: Nova O’KEEFE, 1998
P. sp

Genus: Pliosaurus OWEN, 1841
= Stretosaurus TARLO 1959
= Strongylokrotaphus NOVOZHILOV, 1964
P. brachyspondylus OWEN, 1841
= Plesiosaurus brachyspondylus (OWEN, 1841) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Plesiosaurus recentior PARKSINSON, 1822
= Plesiosaurus giganteus CONYBEARE, 1824 (partim)
= Spondylosaurus frearsi FISCHER de WALDHEIM, 1845
= Pliosaurus frearsi (FISCHER de WALDHEIM, 1845) KUHN, 1934
= Pliosaurus wosinskii FISCHER de WALDHEIM, 1846
= Plesiosaurus nitidus PHILLIPS, 1871
NON Plesiosaurus brachyspondylus 1871
P. brachydeirus (OWEN, 1841) OWEN, 1869 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus brachydeirus OWEN, 1841
= Plesiosaurus giganteus CONYBEARE, 1824 (partim)
= Plesiosaurus sterrodeirus SEELEY, 1869
= Pliosaurus suprajurensis SAUVAGE, 1879
P. archiaci (DESLONGCHAMPS, 1872) SAUVAGE, 1894
= Polyptychodon archiaci DESLONGCHAMPS, 1872?
P. macromerus (GIEBEL, 1847) PHILLIPS, 1871
= Stretosaurus macromerus (GIEBEL, 1847) TARLO, 1959
= Plesiosaurus macromerus GIEBEL, 1847
= Pliosaurus brachydeirus SEELEY, 1869
= Liopleurodon macromerus (GIEBEL, 1847) HALSTEAD, 1989
P. rossicus NOVZHILOV, 1948
= Pliosaurus? grandis ROZHDESTVENSKY, 1947
Liopleurodon rossicus (NOVZHILOW, 1948) HALSTEAD, 1971
P. irgisensis (NOVOZHILOV, 1948) TARLO, 1960
= Strongylokrotaphus irgisensis (NOVOZHILOV, 1948) NOVOZHILOV, 1948
= Peloneustes irgisensis NOVOZHILOV, 1948
P. portentificus NOE, SMITH & WALTON, 2004
P. funkeorum emend KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012D
= Pliosaurus funkei KNUTSEN, DRUCKENMILLER & HURUM, 2012D
P. kevani BENSON, EVANS, SMITH, SASSOON, MOORE-FAYE, KETCHUM, & FORREST, 2013
P. carpenteri BENSON, EVANS, SMITH, SASSOON, MOORE-FAYE, KETCHUM, & FORREST, 2013
= Pliosaurus Species nova SASSOON, NOE & BENTON, 2011
P. westburyensis BENSON, EVANS, SMITH, SASSOON, MOORE-FAYE, KETCHUM, & FORREST, 2013
P. patagonicus GASPARINI & O’GORMAN, 2014
P. almanzaensis O’GORMAN, GASPARINI & SPALLETTI, 2018
P. sp

Genus: Simolestes ANDREWS, 1909
S. indicus (LYDEKKER, 1877) BARDET, MAXIN, GARIOU, ENAY & KRISHNA, 1991
= Plesiosaurus indicus LYDEKKER, 1877
= Thaumatosaurus indicus (LYDEKKER, 1877) LYDEKKER, 1889
= Rhomaleosaurus indicus (LYDEKKER, 1877)
S. vorax ANDREWS, 1909 (Type)
= Thaumatosaurus calloviensis BOGOLOBOV, 1911

Genus: Sinopliosaurus YOUNG, 1944
S. weiyuanensis YOUNG, 1944 (Type)
= Pliosaurus weiyuanensis (YOUNG, 1944) ROMER, 1966
S. jingguensis ZHAO, 1986
S. sheziensis XIO et al, 1991
S. sp

Genus: Nova SASSOON, & BENSON, 2016
= Pliosaurus andrewsi TARLO, 1960
= ?Plesiosaurus grandis PHILLIPS, 1871
= Pliosaurus evansi LYDEKKER, 1889
= Peloneustes evansi (LYDEKKER, 1889) LYDEKKER, 1890
= Pliosaurus grossouveri LYDEKKER, 1889 non SAUVAGE 1873
= Peloneustes philarchus LYDEKKER, 1889
= Pliosaurus evansi ANDREWS, 1911 non SEELEY, 1869

Genus: Nova KETCHUM & BENSON, 2011

Genus: Nova MOBBS, 1990

Genus: Nova SELBY, 1993

Gen. sp indet.

Incertae sedis

Genus: Cetiosaurus SAUVAGE, 1874 non OWEN, 1841
C. rigauxi SAUVAGE, 1874

Genus: Crymocetus COPE, 1869 (nomen dubium)
= Gymocetus ROMER, 1966 (sic)
C. bernardi (OWEN, 1840) COPE, 1869 (nomen dubium) (Type)
= Plesiosaurus bernardi OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus bernardi OWEN, 1850 non OWEN, 1846
= Cimoliasaurus bernardi (OWEN, 1850) FRITISCH, 1905 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Elasmosaurus non COPE, 1868
E. intermedius COPE 1894 (nomen dubium)
E. sternbergi WILLISTON 1906 (nomen dubium)
E. sp

Genus: Liopleurodon non SAUVAGE, 1873
L. grossouveri SAUVAGE, 1873 (nomen vanum)
= Pliosaurus grossouveri TARLO, 1960 (non Liopleurodon grossouveri LYEDKKER, 1889)

Genus: Plesiosaurus non CONYBEARE, 1821
P. simplex PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. balticus SCHRODER, 1885 (nomen dubium)
P. mudgei CRAGIN, 1894 (nomen dubium) (partim)

Genus: Pliosaurus non OWEN, 1841
P. chilensis GERVAIS, 1848 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus chilensis LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen dubium)
= Plesiosaurus andium GRAY, 1848 (nomen dubium)
= Cimoliasaurus andium OLIVER, 1921
P. trochanterius
OWEN, 1869 non OWEN, 1840 (nomen dubium)
P. evansi SEELEY, 1869
= Peloneustes evansi (SEELEY, 1869) LYDEKKER, 1890
P. gamma PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. aequalis PHILLIPS, 1871 (nomen dubium)
P. planus HULKE, 1883 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Polycotylus non BOGOLOBOV, 1911
P. tenuis HECTOR, 1874 (nomen vanum)
= Cimoliasaurus tenuis (HECTOR, 1874) LYDEKKER, 1889 (nomen vanum)

Genus: Polyptychodon non OWEN, 1841
P. continiuus OWEN, 1841 (nomen vanum)
= Plesiosaurus continiuus OWEN, 1840 (sic)
P. neocamiensis SCHARDT, 1910 (nomen vanum)

Genus: Thaumatosaurus MEYER, 1841 (nomen dubium)
T. oolithicus MEYER, 1841 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

 Family: BRACHAUCHENIIDAE Williston, 1925

Subfamily: BRACHAUCHENINAE Williston, 1925 (sensu BENSON & DRUCKENMILLER, 2013)

Genus: Acostasaurus GOMEZ-PEREZ & NOE, 2017
= Nova GOMEZ-PEREZ, & NOE, 2009
A. pavachoquensis GOMEZ-PEREZ & NOE, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Brachauchenius WILLISTON, 1903
B. lucasi WILLISTON, 1903 (Type)
= Genus: Nova ? ALBRIGHT, GILLETTE, TITUS & GRAFFAM, 2001
B. sp

Genus: Brimosaurus LEIDY, 1854 (nomen dubium)
B. grandis LEIDY, 1854 (Type)
= Cimoliasaurus grandis (LEIDY, 1854) COPE, 1869
= Discosaurus grandis (LEIDY, 1854) LEIDY, 1870 (nomen dubium)

Genus: Eiectus NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2022
E. longmani NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2022 (Type)
= Kronosaurus queenslandicus ROMER & LEWIS, 1959

Genus: Kronosaurus LONGMAN, 1924
K. queenslandicus LONGMAN, 1924 (Type) non ROMER & LEWIS, 1959
K. Species: Nova?
= Kronosaurus n. sp (aff. Kronosaurus boyacensis)

Genus: Luskhan FISCHER, BENSON, ZVERKOV, LOUL, ARKHANGELSKY, LAMBERT, STENSHIN, USPENSKY & DRUCKENMILLER, 2017
L. itilensis FISCHER, BENSON, ZVERKOV, LOUL, ARKHANGELSKY, LAMBERT, STENSHIN, USPENSKY & DRUCKENMILLER, 2017 (Type)

Genus: Lütkesaurus KIPRIJANOFF, 1882
No specices given.
= Leutkesaurus (no species named) KIPRIJANOFF, 1883 (sic)

Genus: Makhaira FISCHER, ARKHANGELSKY, STENSHIN, USPENSKY, ZVERKOV, & BENSON, 2015
M. rossica FISCHER, ARKHANGELSKY, STENSHIN, USPENSKY, ZVERKOV, & BENSON, 2015 (Type)

Genus: Megacephalosaurus SCHUMACHER, CARPENTER, & EVERHART, 2013
M. eulerti SCHUMACHER, CARPENTER, & EVERHART, 2013 (Type)

Genus: Monquirasaruus NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2022
M. boyacensis (HAMPE, 1992) NOE & GOMEZ-PEREZ, 2022 (Type)
= Kronosaurus boyacensis HAMPE, 1992

Genus: Polyptychodon OWEN, 1841
= Polytychodon FINSLEY, 1996 (sic)
= Polyptichodon SACHS, 2000 (sic)
P. interruptus OWEN, 1841 (Type)
= Aptychodon cretaceius REUSS, 1855
P. hudsoni WELLES & SLAUGHTER, 1963

Genus: Sachicasaurus PARAMO-FONESCA, BENAVIDES-CABRA & GUTIERREZ, 2018
S. vitae PARAMO-FONESCA, BENAVIDES-CABRA & GUTIERREZ, 2018 (Type)

Genus: Stenorhynchosaurus PARAMO-FONESCA, GOMEZ-PEREZ, NOE, & ETAYO-SERNA, 2016
S. munozi PARAMO-FONESCA, GOMEZ-PEREZ, NOE, & ETAYO-SERNA, 2016 (Type)
= Brachauchenius sp HAMPE, 2005

Genus: Taphrosaurus COPE, 1870 (nomen vanum)
T. lockwoodii (COPE, 1869) COPE, 1870 (Type)
= Plesiosaurus lockwoodii COPE, 1869 (nomen vanum)

Gen. sp indet.

Bibliography

Bibliography for taxa list

_____________________________________________________________________________________

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

 

Albers, P. C. H., 2011, New Nothosaurs skulls form the Lower Muschelkalk of teh western lower Xaxony Basin (Winterswijk, the Netherlands) shed new light on the status of Nothosaurus winterswijkensis: Netherlands Journal of Geociences (Geologie en Mijnbouw), v. 90, n. 1, p. 15-21.

Albers, P. C. H., and Rieppel, O., 2003, A new species of the sauropterygian genus Nothosaurus from the Lower Muschelkalk of Winterswijk, The Netherlands: Journal of Paleontology, v .77, n. 4, p. 738-744.

Albright III, L. B., Gillette, D. D., and Titus, A. L., 2007b, Plesiosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) Tropic Shale of southern Utah, part 2: polycotylidae Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 27, n. 1, p. 41-58.

Albright III, L. B., Gillette, D. D., and Titus, A. L., 2007c, Plesiosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) tropic shale of southern Utah, part 2: Polycotylidae: repalcement names for the preoccupied genus Palmula and the subfamily Palmulainae: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 27, n. 4, p. 1051.

Andrews, C. W., 1895, The pectoral and pelvic girdles of Muraenosaurus plicatus: The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6th series, n. 16, p. 31-434.

Andrews, C. W., 1909, On some new Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough: The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8th series, n. 9, p. 418-429.

Andrews, C. W., 1909, A descriptive catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the Oxford Clay: Part I.,p. 215pp.

Andrews, C. W., 1911, Description of a new plesiosaur (Plesiosaurus capensis, sp. nov.) from the Uitenhage beds of Cape Colony: Annals of the South African Museum, v. 1, p. 309-322.

Andrews, C. W., 1922, Note on the Skeleton of a large Plesiosaur (Rhomaleosaurus thorntoni, sp. n.) from the Upper Lias of Northamptonshire: The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9th series, n. 10, p. 407-415.

Andrews, C. W., 1922, Description of a new plesiosaur from the Weald Clay of Berwick (Sussex): Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 28, p. 285-298.

Anonymous, 1996, Opinion 1831, Plesiosaurus rugosus Owen, 1840 (currently Eretmosaurus rugosus; Reptilia, Plesiosauria): neotype designated: Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, v. 53, n. 1, p. 70-71.

Araujo, R., Louis, J., Polcyn, M, Mateus, O., and Schulp, A., 2011, Plesiosaur structural extreme from the Maastrichtian of Angolia: In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Supplement to online Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 71st Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Paris Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, November 2-5, 2011, Program and Abstracts, p. 63-64.

Araujo, R., Polcyn, M,. Mateus, O., and Schulp, A., 2010, Plesiosaurs from the Maastrichtian of Bentiaba, Namibe Province, Angolia: In: 70th anniversary meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts, p. 55a.

Araujo, R., Polcyn, M. J., Schulp, A. S., Mateus, O., Jacobs, L. L., Olimpio Goncalves, O., and Morais, M.-L., 2014, A new elasmosaurid from the Early Maastrichtian of Angolia and the implications for girdle morphology and swimming style in plesiosaurs: Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, published online, 12 pp.

Armbourg, C., and Signeux, J., 1952, Les Vertebres fossils des gisements de phosphates, Maroc - Algerie – Tunisie: Not. Mem. Serv. Geol. Maroc., v. 92, p. 1-372.

Arthaber, G., 1924, Die Phylogenie der Nothosaurier : Acta Zoologica, band 5, p. 439-516.

B

Bakker, R., 1993, Plesiosaur Extinction Cycles – events that mark the beginning, middle and end of the Cretaceous: In: Evolution of the Western Interior Basin: Geological Association of Canada, edited by Caldwell, W. G. E., and Kauffman E. G., Special Paper 39, p. 641-664.

Balsamo-Crivelli, G., 1839, Descrizione d’un nuovo rettile fossile, della famiglia die Paleosauri, e di due pesci fossili, trovati nel calcereo nero, sopra Varenna sul lago di como, dal nobile sig. Lodovicio Trotti, con alcune riflessioni geologiche: Politechnico di Milano, v. 5, p. 421-431.

Bardet, N., and Godefroit, P., 1995, Plesiosaurus houzeaui DOLLO, 1909 from the Upper Campanian, of Ciply (Belgium) and a review of the Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs from Europe: Bulletin del l’Instut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Seciences de la Terre, v. 65, p. 179-196.

Bardet, N., Godefroit, P., and Sciau, J., 1999, A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Southern France: Paleontology, v. 42, part 5, p. 927-952.

Bardet, N., and Hua S., 1996, Simolestes nowackianus HUENE, 1938 from the Late Jurassic of Ethiopia is a teleosaurid crocodile, not a pliosaur: Neües Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatschefte, 1996, heft 2, p. 65-71.

Bardet, N., Pereda-Suberbiola, X., and Jalil, N.-E., 2003, New polycotylid plesiosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 23, supplement to n. 3, abstracts of papters, sixty-third annual meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Science museum of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, October 15-18, p.32a.

Bardet, N., Pereda Suberbiola, X., and Jalil, N.-E., 2003, A new polycotylid plesiosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco: Comptes Rendus Palevol. v. 2, p. 307-315.

Benson, R. B. J., and Druckenmiller, P. S., 2013, Faunal turnover of marine tetrapods during the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition: Biological Reviews, published on line, 23pp.

Benson, R. B. J., Evans, M., and Druckenmiller, P. S., 2012, High diversity, low disparity and small body size in plesiosaurs (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Triassic-Jurassic boundary: Public Library of Science (PLOS), One, v. 7, n. 3, 15pp.

Benson, R. B. J., Evans, M., Smith, A. S., Sassoon, J., Moore-Faye, S., Ketchum, H. F., and Forrest, R., 2013, A giant pliosaurid skull from the Late Jurassic of England: Public Library of Science (PLOS), One, v. 8, n. 5, 34 pp.

Benson, R. B. J., Ketchum, H. F., Naish, D., and Turner, L. E., 2012, A new leptocleidad (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Vectis Formation (Early Barremian-early Aptian; Early Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight and the evolution of Leptocleididae, a controversial clade: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, iFirst, 18pp.

Benson, R. B. J., Ketchum, H. F., Noe, L. F., and Gomez-Perez, M,. 2011, New information on Hauffiosaurus (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) based on a new species from the Alum Shale Member (Lower Toarcian: Lower Jurassic) of Yorksiire, UK: Palaeontology, v. 54, part 3, p. 547-571.

Berezin, A. Y., 2011, A new plesiosaur from the family Aristonectidae from the Early Cretaceous of the center of the Russian Platform: Palaeontological Journal, v. 45, n. 6, p. 648-660.

Bogolubov, N. N., 1909, Sur quelques restes de deux Reptiles (Cryptoclidus simbirskensis n. sp. et Ichthyosaurus steleodon n. sp.), trouves par Mr. Le Profes. A. P. Pavlow sur les bords de la Volga dans les couches mesozoiques de Simbirsk: Ezheg. Geol. Miner. Ross., v. 11, p. 42-64.

Bogolubov, N. N., 1911, Aus der Geschichte der Plesiosaurier in Russland: Moskva Zap. Univ., v. 31, p. 1-409.

Bogolubov, N. N., 1911, Geischichte der Plesiosaurier in Russland: Wissensch. Shriften Univrsitat Moskau,

Bogolubov, N. N., 1912, Note sur les plesiosaures du Jura Superieur de la Russie: Ezheg. Geol. Miner. Ross., v. 14, n. 1, p. 1-7.

Boulenger, G. A., 1891, On a stegosaurian dinosaur from the Trias of Lombardy: Annals and Magazine of Natural History, v. 8, n. 6, p. 292-293.

Broili, F., 1927, Ein Sauropterygier aus den Arlbergschichten: Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschafte, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, p. 205-228.

Brown, B., 1913, A new plesiosaur, Leurospondylus, from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, v. 32, p. 605-615.

Brown, D. S., 1981, The English Late Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geological Series, v. 35, n. 4, p. 253-347.

Brown, D. S., Milner, A. C., and Taylor, M. A., 1986, New material of the Plesiosaur Kimmerosaurus langhami BROWN from the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geological Series, v. 40, n. 5, p. 225-234.

Buchy, M.-C., 2008, Reevaluation of the holotype of Plesiosaurus (Polyptychodon) mexicanus Wieland, 1910 from the ?Upper Jurassic of Mexico: a thalattosuchian, not a sauropterygian: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas, v. 25, n. 3, p. 517-522.

Buchy, M.-C., 2005, An elasmosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Morocco: Carolinea, v. 63, p. 5-28.

Buchy, M.-C., Metayer, F., and Frey, E., 2005, Osteology of Manemergus anguirostris n. gen. et sp., a new plesiosaur (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco: Palaeontographica Abt. A., v. 272, Lfg. 5-6, p. 97-120.

C

Cabrera, A., 1941, Un Plesiosaurio nuevo del Cretaceo del Chubut: Instituto del Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Revista del Museo de La Plata. Tomo, II, Paleontologia, n. 8, p. 113-130.

Campbell, J. A., Mitchell, M. T. Ryan, M. J., and Anderson, J. S., 2021, A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the non-marine to paralic Dinosaur Park Formation of southern Alberta, Canada: PeerJ 9:e10720 DOI 10.7717/peerj.10720, 44pp.

Carpenter, K., 1989, Dolichorhynchops not equal to Trinacromerium (Reptilia: Plesiosauria): Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vol. 9, Supplement to Number 3. Abstracts of Papers, Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, November 2-4, 1989, p. 15A.

Carpenter, K., 1996, A review of short-necked plesiosaurs from the Cretaceous of the Western Interior, North America: Neües Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 201, n. 2, p. 259-287.

Carpenter, K., 1997, Comparative cranial anatomy of two North American Cretaceous Plesiosaurs: Chapter 7. In: Ancient Marine Reptiles, edited by Jack M. Callaway and Elizabeth L. Nicholls, Academic Press, Part 2, p. 191-216.

Carpenter, K., 1999, Revision of North American elasmosaurs from the Cretaceous of the western interior: Paludicola, v. 2, n. 2, p. 148-173.

Carroll, R. L. and Gaskill, P., 1985, The nothosaur Pachypleurosaurus and the origin of Plesiosaurs: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, series B, v. 309, p. 343-393.

Carte, A., and Baily, W. H., 1863, Description of a new species of Plesiosaurus from the lias near whitby, yorkshire: Royal Dublin Society, Journal,v. 4, p. 160-170.

Case, E. C., 1936, New Reptile from the Triassic of Wyoming: Proceedings of the Geological Society of America, 1935, p. 393

Case, E. C., 1936, A Nothosaur from the Triassic of Wyoming: Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan,v . 5, n. 1, p. 1-36.

Chatterjee, S. and Creisler, B. S., 1994, Alwalkeria (Theropoda) and Morturneria (Plesiosauria), new names for preoccupied Walkeria Chatterjee, 1987 and Turneria Chatterjee and Small 1989: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 14, n. 1, p. 142.

Chatterjee, S., and Small, B., 1989, New plesiosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Antarctica. Origins and Evolution of the Antarctic Biota: Geological Society Special Publications, n. 47, p. 197-215.

Chaves, C. de M., Ortega, F., and Perez-Garcia, 2018, New highly pachyostotic nothosauroid interpreted as a filter-feeding Triassic marine reptile: Biology Letters, v. 14, 20180130, http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0130, 5 pp.

Chen, X., Cheng, L., Wang, C., and Zhang, B., 2016, Triassic Marine Reptile faunas from Middle and Upper Yangtze areas and their co-evolution with environment. (Geological Publihsing House, 2016).

Cheng, Chen, Zeng & Cai, 2012, A new eosauropterygian (Diapsida: Sauropterygia) from the Middle Triassic of Luoping, Yunnan Province: Journal of Earth Science, v. 23, n. 1, p. 33-40.

Cheng, L., Moon, B. C., Yang, C., Motani, R., Jiang, D,. An, Z., and Fang, Z., 2022, The oldest record of Saurosphargiformes (Diapsida) from South China could fill an ecological gap in the Early Triassic biotic recovery: PeerJ 10:e13569 DOI 10.,7717/peerj.13569, 26pp.

Cheng, Y.-N., Sato, T., Wu, X.-C., and Li, C., 2006, First complete pistosauroid from the Triassic of China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 26, n. 2, p. 502-504.

Cheng, Y.-N., Wu, X.-C., Sato, T., and Shan, H.-Y., 2012, A new eosauropterygan (Diapsida, Sauropterygia) from the Triassic of China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 32, n. 6, p. 1335-1349.

Cheng, Y.-n., Wu, X.-ch., Sato, T., and Shan, H.-y., 2016, Dawazisaurus brevis, a new eosauropterygian from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan, China: Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), v. 90, n. 2, p. 401-424.

Chop, C, 1857, Neue Mitteilungen über die Zähne und Fischreste aus dem Schlotheimer Keuper: Zeitschrift für die gesamten Naturwissencchaften, v. 9, p.  127-132.

Colbert, E. H., 1949. A new Cretaceous Plesiosaur from Venezuela: American Museum Novitiates, n. 1420, p. 1-22.

Conybeare, W. D., 1821, Notice of the discovery of a new fossil animal, forming a link between the Ichthyosaurus and crocodile, together with general remarks on the osteology of the Ichthyosaurus: Transactions of the Geological Society, London, v. 5, p. 559-594.

Conybeare, W. D., 1822, On the Discovery of an almost perfect skeleton of the Plesiosaurus: Transactions of the Geological Society, 2nd series, v. 1, p. 381-389.

Conybeare, W. D., 1822, Additional Notices on the Fossil Genera Ichthyosaurus and Plesiosaurus: Transactions of the Geological Society, 2nd series, v. 1, n. 1, p. 103-123.

Conybeare, W. D., 1824, On the discovery of an almost perfect skeleton of Plesiosaurus: Transactions of the Geological Society, 2nd series, v. 1, n. 2, p. 381-389.

Cope, E. D., 1868, (Elasmosaurus platyurus) On a new large enaliosaur: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,v. 20, p. 92-93.

Cope, E. D., 1868, (Discosaurus carinatus) Note on the fossil reptiles, near fort Wallace: In. LeConte, 1868, p. 68.

Cope, E. D., 1868, (Elasmosaurus orientalis, Thecachampsa). Remarks on fossil vertebrates: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, v. 20, p. 313.

Cope, E. D., 1869, On the reptilian orders, Pythonomorpha and Stereptosauria: Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, v. 12, p. 250-256.

Cope, E. D., 1869, Synopsis of the extinct Batrachia and Reptilia of North America: Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series, v. 14, p. 1-235.

Cope, E. D., 1870, On some reptlia of the Cretaceous formations of the United States: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, v. 11, p. 271-274.

Cope, E. D., 1872, On the Geology and Paleontology of the Cretaceous strata of Kansas, part 1.- General sketch of the ancient life., part 2-Geology, part 3-synopsis of the fauna: Preliminary report of the United States Geological Survey of Montana and Portions of Adjacent Territories Bering a fifth annual report of progress, p. 318-349.

Cope, E. D., 1875, Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia: with a systematic list of the; higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum: Bulletin of the United States National Museum,v. 1, p. 1-95.

Cope, E. D., 1876, On some extinct reptiles and Batrachia from the Judith River and Fox Hills beds of Montana: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, v. 28, p. 340-359.

Cope, E. D., 1877, Synopsis of the Vertebrata whose remains have been preserved in the Formations of North Carolina: In Kerr, W. C. 1875: Report of the Geological Survey of North Carolina, appendix B, p. 29-52.

Cope, E. D., 1877, Report on the Geology of the region of the Judith River, Montana, and on vertebrate fossils obtained on or near the Missouri River: Bulletin of the Unites States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, v. 3, p. 565-597.

Cope, E. D., 1887, The sea-sauians of the Fox Hills Cretaceous: American Naturalist, v. 21, p. 563-566.

Cope, E. D., 1894, On the structure of the Skull in the Plesiosaurian Reptilia, and on Two New Species from the Late Cretaceous: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, v. 33, p. 103-113.

Cornalia, E., 1854, Notizie zoologiche sul Pachypleura edwardsii Cor. Nuovo sauro acrodonte degli strati triasici di Lombardia:

Cragin, F. W., 1888, Preliminary description of a new or little known Saurian from the Benton of Kansas: American Geologist, v. 2, p. 404-407.

Cragin, F. W., 1894, Vertebrata from the Neocamain of Kansas: Colorado College Studies, v. 4, p. 69-73.

Cruickshank, A. R. I., 1997, A Lower Cretaceous Pliosauroid from South Africa: Annals of the South African Museum, v. 105, n. 2, p. 207-226.

Cruickshank, A. R. I., and Fordyce, R. E., 2002, A new marine reptile (Sauropterygia) from New Zealand: Further evidence for a Late Cretaceous Austral radiation of cryptoclidid plesiosaurs: Palaeontology, v. 45, part 3, p. 557-575.

Cruickshank, A. R. I., and Long J. A., 1997, A new species of pliosauird reptile from the Early Cretaceous Birdrong Sandstone of Western Australia: Records of the Western Australian Museum, v. 18, p. 263-276.

Cruickshank, A. R. I., Martill, D. M., and Noe, L. F., 1996, A pliosaur (Reptilia, Sauroptrygia) exhibiting pachyostosis from the Middle Jurassic of England: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 153, p. 873-879.

Curioni, G., 1847., Cenni sopra un nuovo saurio fossile dei monti di Lerledo sul Lario e sul Terrano che la racchiude: Giornale J. r. Instituto Lombardo delle Science, lettre ed ati, v. 16, p. 159-170.

Cuvier, C., 1824, Recherches sur le ossemens fossiles, ou l’on retablit les caracteres de plusieurs animaux dont les revolutions du globe ont detruit les especies. 2nd ed, v. 5, n. 1, p. 1-547.

D

Dalla Vecchia, F. M., 2006, A new sauropterygian reptile with plesiosaurian affinity from the Late Triassic of Italy: Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, v. 112, n. 2, p. 207-225.

Dames, H. V., 1890, Anarosaurus pumilio nov. gen. nov. sp: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Bes. bd., v. 42, p. 74.

Dames, H. V., 1895, Die Plesiosaurier der suddeutschen Liasformaiton: Abh. Preuáßá. Wiss, p. 1-82.

Delair, J. B., 1959, The Mesozoic reptiles of Dorset. Part 2: Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, Dorchester, v. 80, p. 52-90.

Delair, J. B., 1982, New and Little-known Jurassic reptiles from Wiltshire: Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, v. 76, p.155-164.

Deslongchamps, E., ?1872, In Lennier, G. Etudes geologiques et paleontologiques sur l’embouchure de la Seine et les falaises de la Haute-Normandie : Xvi + 245pp.

Diedrich, C. G., 2013b, The marine pachypleurosaurus Serpianosaurus germanicus nov. spec.- skeleton and isolated bone remains from the Pelsonian (Middle Triassic) of the European Germanic basin carboniate intertidals and its paleobiology and taxonomy: n: The Triassic System: New developments instratigraphy and Paleontology, edited by Tanner, L. H., Spielmann, J. A. and Lucas, S. G., New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science, Bulletin, 61, p. 132-158.

Dollo, L., 1909, The Fossil vertebrates of Belgium: Annals New York Academy of Science, v. 19, n. 4. part 1, p. 99-119.

Dong, Z. M., 1980, A New plesiosauria from the Lias of Sichuan Basin: Vertebrata PalAsitica, v. 18, n. 3, p. 191-197.

Druckenmuller, P. S., 2002, Osteology of a new plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Thermopolis Shale of Montana: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,v. 22, n. 1, p. 29-42.

Druckenmuller, P. S., and Russell, A., 2004, A new plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (Lower Albian) Clearwater Formation from northern Alberta, Canada: In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 24, supplement to n. 3, abstracts of Papers, Sixty-fourth Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Adams Mark Hotel, Denver, Colorado, November 3-6, 2004, p. 53a.

Druckenmiller, P. S., and Russell, A. P., 2006, A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, northeastern Alberta, Canada: In: Paludicola, v. 5, n. 4, Special Issue, in memory of Elizabeth "Betsy" Nicholls, p. 184-199.

Druckenmiller, P. S., and Russell, A. P., 2008, Skeletal anatomy of an exceptionally complete specimen of a new genus of plesiosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Early Albian) of northeastern Alberta, Canada: Palaeontographica, Abt. A., v. 283, lfg. 1-3, p. 1-33.

Druckenmiller, P. S., and Russell, A. P., 2009, The new plesiosaurian genus Nichollssaura from Alberta, Canada: replacement name for the preoccupied genus Nichollsia: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 29, n. 1, p. 276.

E

Edinger, T., 1921, Uber Nothosaurus II): Zur Gaumenfrage. Senkinbergia, v. 3, heft 56, p. 143-205.

Edinger, T., 1921, Uber Nothosaurus III) Ein Schadelfund im Keuper: Senkinbergia, Bd III,

Efimov, V. M., Meleshin, I. A., and Nikiforov, A. V., 2016, A new species of the plesiosaur genus Polycotylus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Southern Urals: Palaeontological Journal v. 50, n. 5, p. 494-503.

Etheridge, R., jr., 1897, An Australian Sauropterygian (Cimoliasaurus) converted into precious opal: Records of the Australian Museum, v. 3, p. 19-29.

Etheridge, R. jr., 1904, A second Sauropterygian converted into opal, from the Upper Cretaceous of White Cliffs, New South Wales, with indications of Ichthyopterygians in the same locality: Records of the Australian Museum,v. 5, p. 306-318.

F

Fischer, V., Arkhangelsky, M. S., Stenshin, I. M., Uspensky, G. N., Zverkov, N. G., and Benson, R. B. J., 2015, Peculiar macrophagous adaptations in a new Cretaceous pliosaurid: Royal Society Open Science, published on line, 12pp.

Fischer, V., Benson, R. B. J., Zverkov, N. G., Soul, L. C., Arkhangelsky, M. S., Lambert, O., Stenshin, I. M., Uspensky, G. N., and Druckenmiller, P. S., 2017, Plasticity and convergence in the evolution of short-necked plesiosaurs: Current Biology, 27, pp. 1667–1676.

Fischer de Waldheim, G., 1845, Notice sur le Spondylosaurus genre de saurian fossile de l’oolithe de Moscow: Bulletin de les Socialistes des Naturalistes, Moscow, v. 18, p. 343-351.

Fischer de Waldheim, G., 1846, Notice sur quelques saurens fossiles du Gouvernement de Moscou: Bulletin de les Socialistes des Naturalistes, Moscow, v. 19, p. 90-107.

Fritisch, A., 1905, Synopsis der Saurier der bohm. Kreide Formation: Prag. Sitz. Ber. Bohm. Ges. Wiss, n. 8, p. 1-7.

Fritsch, K. von, 1894, Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Saurier des Halle’schen unteren Muschelkalkes: Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle, v. 20, p. 125-144, 273-302.

Frass, E., 1910, Plesiosaurier aus dem oberen Lias von Holzmaden: Palaeontographica, v. 57, p.

Fraas, O., 1891, Simosaurus pusillus aus der Lettenkohle von Hoheneck: Jahrbuch ves Vereins Vaterlandischer Naturkundler in Wurtemberg, v. 37, p. 319-324.

Fraas, O., 1898, Schwabische Trias-Saurier: Festschrift.

Frey, E., Mulder, E. W. A., Stinnesbeck, W., Rivera-Sylva, H. F., Padilla-Gutierrez, J. M., and Gonzalez-Gonzalez, A. H., 2017, A new polycotylid plesiosaur with extensive soft tissue preservation from the early Late Cretaceous of northeast Mexico: Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica Mexicana, v. 69, n. 1, p. 87-134.

G

Gasparini, Z. B., 1997, A New Pliosaur from the Bajocian of the Neuquen Basin, Argentina: Paleontology, v. 40, part 1, p. 135-147.

Gasparini, Z., 2009, A new Oxfordian pliosaurid (Plesiosauria, Pliosauridae) in the Caribbean seaway: Palaeontology, v. 52, part 3, p. 661-669.

Gasparini, Z. B., Bardet, N., and Iturralde-Vinent, M., 2002, A new cryptoclidid plesiosaur from the Oxfordian (Late Jurassic) of Cuba: Geobios, v, 35, p. 201-211.

Gasparini, Z. B., Bardet, N., Martin, J. E., and Fernandez, M., 2003, The elasmosaurid plesiosaur Aristonectes Cabrera from the Latest Cretaceous of South America and Antarctica: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 23, n. 1, p. 104-115.

Gasparini, Z. B., and Fuenta, M. S. de la, 1999, Plesiosaurios y tortugas de la Formacion La Colonia (Cretaceico Superior) en Cerro Bosta, provincia de Chubut, Argentina: Ameghiniana, v. 36, n. 4, Supplemento 1999-RESUMENES, p. 11R-12R.

Gasparini, Z. B., and Goni, R., 1985, Los plesiosaurios Cretacicos de America del sur y del continete Antartico: Coletanea de Trabalhos Paleontologicos, Seire Geologia, v. 27, n. 2, p. 55-63.

Gasparini, Z., and O'Gorman, J. P., 2014, A new species of Pliosaurus (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina: Ameghinian, tomo 41, n. 4, p. 269-283.

Gasparini, Z., and Spalletti, L. A., 1990, Un nuevo Cocodrilo en los depositos mareales Maastrichtianos de la Patagonia Noroccidental: Ameghiniana, v. 27, n. 1-2, p. 141-150.

Geissler, G., 1895, Ueber neue Saurier-Funde aus dem Muschelkalk von Bayreuth: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, band 47, p. 331-355.

Giebel, C., 1846, Palaezoologie: Merseburg, 1846.

Gervais, Zoologie et Paleontologie Francaise: I. edit. Paris, p. 1848-1852.

Godefroit, P. (1994). Simolestes keileni sp. nov., un Pliosaure (Plesiosauria, Reptilia) du Bajocien supérieur de Lorraine (France): Bulletin des Académie et Société Lorraines des sciences, ISSN 0567-6576, 1994, tome 33, n°2, p. 77-95.

Gomez-Perez, M., and Noe, L., 2009, A pliosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia: the implications of a new genus: In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 29, supplement to n. 3, 69th Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology and 57th Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy (SPVCA): 107a.

Großmann, F., 2007, The taxonomic and phylogenetic position of the plesiosauroidea from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia shale of south-west Germany: Palaeontology, v. 50, part 3, p. 545-564.

Gomez-Perez, M., and Noe, L. F., 2017, Cranial anatomy of a new pliosaurid Acostasaurus pavachoquensis from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia, South America: Palaeontographica, Abt. A: Palaeozoology - Stratigraphy, v. 310, issues, 1-2, p 5-42.

Gurich, G., 1884, Ueber einige Saurier des obefschlesischen Muschelkalkes: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, band 36, p. 125-144.

Gurich, G., 1891, Uber einen neuen Nothosaurus von Gogolin, Oberschleisen: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, band 43, p. 967-970.

Gurich, G., and Dames, W., 1908, Ueber einen neuen Nothosaurus von Gogolin in Obrrschlesien: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, band 43, p. 467-470.

H

Haas, G., 1963, Micronothosaurus stensioi, ein neuer Nothosauridae aus dem Oberen Muschelkalk des Wadi Ramon, Israel: Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 37, n. ¾, p. 161-178.

Haas, G., 1980, Ein Nothosaurier-Schadel aus dem Muschelkalk des Wadi Ramon (Negev, Israel): Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, v. 83, p. 119-125.

Hampe, O., 1992, Ein grossuchsiger Pliosauridae (Reptilia: Plesiosauria) aus der Unterkreide (oberes Aptium) von Kolumbien: Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, v. 145, p.1-32.

Hampe, O., 2013, The forgotten remains of a leptocleidid plesiosaur (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauroidea) from the Early Cretaceous of Gronau (Münsterland, Westphalia, Germany): Paläontologische Zeitschrift, v. 87, p. 473-491.

Hartsinck D. E. C., 1861, Discovery of a New Species of Plesiosaurus: Geological Magazine, v. 1, p. 47.

Hawkins, T. H., 1834, Memoirs on Ichthyosauri and Plesiosauri; Extinct monsters of the ancient Earth: Relfe and Fletcher, London, 58pp.

Hawkins, T. H., 1840, The book of the great Sea Dragons.
Hector, J., 1874, On the Fossil Reptilia of New Zealand: Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, v. 6, p. 333-358.

Hiller, N., 2004, Elasmosaurs of Aotearoa: The Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy, online abstracts.

Hinz, J. K., Matzke, A. T., and Pfretszchner, H.-U., 2019, A new nothosaur (Sauropterygia) from the Ladinian of Vellberg-Eschenau, Southern Germany: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 39, n. 2, e159534, 14pp.

Hirszberg, F., 1945, Sur quelques vertebras des Ichthyosauriens det des Plesiosauriens du Kimmeridgen: Trav. Serv. Geol. Pologne, v. 1,

Hou, L.-H., Yeh, H.-K., and Zhao, X.-J., 1975, Fossil reptiles from Fusui Kwangshi: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 13, n. 1, p. 24-33.

Huene, F. von, 1902, Ubersicht uber die Reptilien der Trias: Geologische und Palaeontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge Band VI, (Der Ganzen Reine Band X.), heft 1, p. 3-83.

Huene, F. von, 1923, Ein neuer Plesiosaurier aus dem oberen Lias Wurtembergs: Jahreshefte des Vereins fur Vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg, v. 79, p. 1-21.

Huene, F. von, 1944, Cymatosaurus und siene Beziehungen zu anderen Sauropterygian: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatschefte, Abteilung B, 1944, p. 192-222.

Huene, F. von, 1957, Ein neuer Primitiver Nothosauride aus Braunschweig: Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 31, n. ½, p. 92-98.

Huene, F. von, 1958, Aus den Lechtaler Alpen ein neuer Anarosaurus. Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatschefte, Abteilung B, p. 322-324.

Huene, F. von, 1959, Simosaurus guilielmi aus dem unteren mittelkeuper von Obersontheim: Palaeontographica Abt A. 113, Liefg, 4-6, p. 180-184.

Hulke, J. W., 1870, Note on some Plesiosaurian Remains obtained by J. C. Mansel., Esq., F.G.S., in Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 26, p. 611-622.

Hulke, J. W., 1883, The anniversary address of the president: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London,v. 39, p. 38-65.

Huxley, T. H., 1858, On a New Species of Plesiosaurus from Street, near Glastonbury; with Remarks on the Structure of the atlas and axis vertebrae, and of the cranium, in that genus: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 4, 281-294.

I

Irwin, K., and Schumacher, B., 2003, An additional record of a polycotylid plesiosaur from the Upper Campanian of North America: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 23, supplement to n. 3, abstracts of papers, sixty-third annual meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Science museum of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, October 15-18, p. 65a.

J

Jiang, D.-Y., Hao, W.-C., Sun, Y.-L., and Sun, Z.-Y., 2005, Two nothosaurids (Reptilia, sauropterygia) from the Anisian (Middle Triassic) of southwestern China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 25, supplement to n. 3, abstracts of papers, sixty-fifth annual meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Mesa Southwest Museum and Phoenix Marriott Mesa, Mesa, Arizona, October 19-22, 2005, p. 75a.

Jiang, D.-Y., Lin, W.-B., Rieppel, O., Motani, R., and Sun, Z.-Y., 2018, A new Anisian (Middle Triassic) Eosauropterygian (Reptila, Sauropterygia) from Panzhou, Guizhou Province, China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 38, n. 4, e1480113, 9 pp.

Jiang, D.-Y., Maisch, M. W., Hao, W.-C., Sun, Y.O., and Sun, Z.-Y., 2006, Nothosaurus yangyuanensis n. sp (Reptlia, Sauropterygia, Nothosauridae) from the middle Anisian (Middle Triassic) of Guizhou, southwestern China: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatschefte, 2006, n. 5, p. 257-276.

Jiang, D.-Y., Montani, R., Tintori, A., Rieppel, O., Chen, G.-B., Huang, J.-D., Zhang, R., Sun, Z.-Y., and Ji, C., 2014, The Early Triassic eosauropterygian Majiashanosaurus discocoracoidis gen. et. sp. nov. (Reptilia, Sauropterygia), from Chaohu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 34, n. 5, p. 1044-1052.

Jiang, D.-Y., Rieppel, O., Montani, R., Hao, W.-C., Sun, Y.-L., Schmitz, L., and Sun, Z.-Y., 2008, A new Middle Triassic Eosauropterygian (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from Southwestern China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 28, n. 4, p. 1055-1062.

Jurcsak, T., 1976, Noi Descoperiri de Reptile Fosile in Triasicui, de la Alesd : Nymphaea, v. 4, p. 67-105.

K

Kear, B. P., 2005 (published in 2006), A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 25, n. 4, p. 792-805.

Kear, B. P., 2006b, Marine reptiles from the Lower Cretaceous of South Australia: elements of a high-latitude cold-water assemblage: Palaeontology, v. 49, part 4, p. 837-856.

Kear, B. P., Schroeder, N. I., and Lee, M. S. Y., 2006, An archaic crested plesiosaur in opal from the Lower Cretaceous high-latitude deposits of Australia: Biology Letters, published online, 5pp.

Kear, B. P., Schroeder, N. I., and Lee, M. S. Y., 2006, An archaic crested plesiosaur in opal from the Lower Cretaceous high-latitude deposits of Australia: Biology Letters, v. 2, p. 615-619.

Ketchum, H. F., and Benson, R., B. J., 2011, A basal pliosaurid (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Callovian, Middle Jurassic) of Bedfordshire: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic Pliosaurids: In: SVPCA, 59th Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy, 20th Symposium of Palaeontological Preparation and conservation, Geological Curators Group, Abstracts of Presentations, edited by Forrest, R., p. 15.

Ketchum, H. F,. and Benson, R. B. J., 2011, A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids: In: Studies of fossil tetrapods, edited by Barret, P. M., and Milner, A. R., Special Papers in Palaeontology, v. 86, p. 109-129.

Ketchum, H. F., and Benson, R. B. J., 2022, A new pliosaurid from the Oxford Clay Formation of Oxfordshire, UK: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 67, n. 2, p. 297-315.

Kiprijanoff, W., 1882, Studien uber die Fossilen Reptilien Russlands II Theil, Gattung Plesosaurus, Conyb: Mem. Petersb., v. 30, n. 6, 55pp.

Kiprijanoff, W., 1883, Studien uber die Fossilen Reptilien Russlands: Mem. L'Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 7th Series, tome 31, n. 7, p. 29.

Kiprijanow, W., 1883, Studien uber die Fossilen Reptilien Russlands. III. Theil, Gruppe Thaumatosauria n. aus der Kreide-Formation und dem Moskauer Jura: Memories de L'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, VII Serie, Tome XXXI, no. 6, p. 57pp.

Klein, N., and Albers, P. C. H., 2009, A new species of the sauropsid reptile Nothosaurus from the Lower Muschelkalk of the western Germanic Basin, Winterswijk, The Netherlands: Acta Palaeontologia Polonica, v. 54, n. 4, p. 589-598.

Klein, N., Furrer, H., Ehrbar, I., Ladeira, M T., Richter, H., and Scheyer, T. M., 2022, A new pachypleurosaur from the Early Ladinian Prosanto Formation in the Eastern Alps of Switzerland: Journal of Palaeontology, 141:12, 27pp.

Klein, N., Voeten, D. F. A. E., Haarhuis, A., and Bleeker, R., 2016, The earliest record of the genus Lariosaurus from the Early Middle Anisian (Middle Triassic) of the Germanic basin: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 36, n. 4, e1163712, 9pp.

Knutsen, E. M., Druckenmiller, P. S., and Hurum, J. H., 2012a, Redescription and taxonomic clarification of 'Tricleidus' svalbardensis based on new material from the Agardhfjellet Formation (Mddle Volgian): Norwegian Journal of Geology, v. 92, p. 175-186.

Knutsen, F. M., Druckenmiller, P. S., and Hurum, J. H., 2012b, Two new species of long-necked plesiosaurians (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Upper Jurassic (Middle Volgian) Agardhfjellet Formation of central Spitsbergen: Norwegian Journal of Geology, v. 92, p. 187-212.

Knutsen, F. M., Druckenmiller, P. S., and Hurum, J. H., 2012c, A new plesiosauroid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Agardhfjellet Formation (Middle Volgian) of cenral Spitsbergen, Norway: Norwegian Journal of Geology, v. 92, p. 213-234.

Knutsen, E. M., Druckenmiller, P. S., and Hurum, J. H., 2012d, A new species of Pliosaurus (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the Middle Volgian of cenral Spitsbergen, Norway: Norwegian Journal of Geology, v. 92, p. 235-258.

Knutsen, E., Druckenmiller, P., Hurum, J., and Nakrem, H., 2009, Preliminary account of new Late Jurassic pliosaurid material from Svalbard, Norway: In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 29, supplement to n. 3, 69th Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology and 57th Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy (SPVCA): 128a.

Koken, E., 1893, Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Genus Nothosaurus: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft,

Knight, W. C., 1898, Some new Jurassic Vertebrates from Wyoming: American Journal of Science, p. 378-381.

Knight, W. C., 1900, Jurassic rocks of Southeastern Wyoming: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. v. 2, p. 377-388.

Koken, E., 1887, Die Dinosaurier, Crocodiliden und Sauropterygier des Norddeutschen Wealden: Palaeontologische Abhandlungen, band, heft 5, p. 3-111.

Kubo, T., Mitchell, M. T., and Henderson, D. M., 2012, Albertonectes vanderveldei, a new elasmosaur (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 32, n. 3, p. 557-572.

Kuhn, O., 1934, Sauropterygia: Fossilia Catalogous, n. 69, p. 1-127.

Kuhn, O., 1963, Sauropterygia: Fossilium Catalogus, n. 10, p. 1-72.

Kuhn, O., 1964, Sauropterygia: Fossilium Catalogus, I: Animalia, edited by Westphal, F., Pars 106, 72pp.

Kuhn-Schnyder, E., 1959, Ein neuer Pachypleurosaurier von der Stulseralp bei Bergun (Kt. Graubunde, Schweiz): Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae, v. 52, p. 634-658.

Kuhn-Schnyder, E., 1987, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen XXVI. Lariosaurus lavizzarii n. sp. (Reptilia, Sauropteryiga): Schweizerische Palaontologische Abhandlungen, v. 110, p. 1-24.

Kuhn-Schnyder, E., 1990, Uber Nothosauria (Sauropterygia, Reptilia)-ein Diskussionbeitrag: Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 64, n. ¾, p. 313-316.

L

Leidy, J., 1851, Descriptions of fossils: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, v. 5, p. 325-328.

Leidy, J., 1854, 1855, On Brimosaurus grandis and Cimolasaurus magnus: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, v. 7, p. 72.

Leidy, J., 1865, Memoir on the extinct reptiles of the Cretaceous formations of the United States: Smithsonian Institute Contribution to Knowledge, v. 14, n. 6, p. 1-135.

Leidy, J., 1870, On Discosaurus and its allies: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, v. 22, p. 18-22. (Absract. In American Journal of Science, v. 100, p. 139-140).

Leidy, J., 1872, Remarks on some extinct vertebrates: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, v. 24, p. 38-40.

Leidy, J., 1873, Remarks on Elasmosaurus: Nature.

Li, C., Jiang, D.-Y., Cheng, L., Wu, X.-C., and Rieppel, O., 2014, A new species of Largocephalosaurus (Diapsida: Saurosphargidae), with implications for the morphological diversity and phylogeny of the group: Geological Magazine, v. 151, n. 1, p. 100-120.

Li, C., Rieppel, O., Wu, X-C., Zhao, L.-J., and Wang, L.-T., 2011, A new Triassic marine reptile from southwestern China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 31, n. 2, p. 202-312.

Li, J.-L., Liu, J,. and Rieppel, O., 2002, A new species of Lariosaurus (Sauropterygia: Nothosauridae) from Triassic of Guizhou, Southwest China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 40, n. 2, p. 114-126.

Li, J.-L., and Rieppel, O., 2004, A new nothosaur from the Middke Triassic of Guizhou, China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 42, n. 1, p. 1-12.

Lin, K. and Rieppel, O., 1998, Functional Morphology and Ontogeny of Keichousaurus hui (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 39, p. 1-35.

Linder, H., 1913, Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Plesiosaurier—Gattungen Peloneustes und Pliosaurus: Geologie u. Palaontologie, Abh., Jena (N.F.), v. 11, p. 339-409.

Liu, J., Hu, S.-X., Rieppel, O., Jiang, D.-J., Benton, M. J., Kelley, N. P., Aitchison, J. C., Zhou, C.-Y., Wen, W., Huang, J.-Y., Xie, T., and Lv, T., 2014, A giganitc nothosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia from the Middle Triassic of SW China and its implications for the Triassic biotic recovery: Scientific Reports, published online, 9pp.

Liu, J,. Riepel, O., Aitchison, J., and Zhang, Q., 2010, A small pachypleurosaur from the Lower Middle Triassic of SW China with comments on the phylogeny of Eosauropterygia: In: 70th anniversary meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts, p. 123a.

Liu, J., Rieppel, O., Jiang, D.-Y., Aitchison, J. C., Motani, R,. Zhang, Q.-Y., Zhou, C.-Y., and Sun, Y.-Y., 2011, A new pachypleurosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Middle Triassic of southwestern China and the phylogenetic relationships of Chinese Pachypleurosaurs: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 31, n. 2, p. 292-302.

Liu, Q.-L., Cheng, l., Stubbs, T. L., Moon, B. C., Benton, M. J., Yang, C.-B., and Tian, L., 2023, Rapid neck elongation in sauropterygia (Reptilia: Diapaida) revealed by a new basal phachypleurosaur from the Lower Triassic of China: BMC Ecology and Evolution, publilshed online, 10pp.

Longman, H. A., 1924, A New Gigantic Marine Reptile from the Queensland Cretaceous. Kronosaurus queenslandicus new genus and species: Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, v. 8, n. 1, p. 26-28.

Lydekker, R., 1888, British Museum Catalogue of Fossil Reptilia, and Papers on the Enaliosaurians.

Lydekker., R., 1889, Catalogue of the fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part II. Containing the orders Ichthyopterygia and Sauropterygia: London, Printed by Order of the Trustees of the British Museum, p. 307pp.

M

Ma, L.-T., Jiang, D.-Y., Rieppel, O., Motani, R., and Tintori, A., 2015, A new pistosauroid (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Late Ladinian Xingyi Marine Reptile level, southwestern China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 35, n. 1, e881832, 6 pp.

Maisch, M. W., 2014, A well preserved skull of Cymatosaurus (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the uppermost Buntsandstein (Middle Triassic) of Germany: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 272, n. 2, p. 213-224.

Malkani, M. S., 2019, Recently disovered Basilosaurid, Baluchithere Rhinoceros, Horses, Sea Cow, Proboscidean, Eucrocodile, Pterosaurs, Plesiosaur, Fishes, Invertebrates and wood fossils, tracks and trackways of dinosaurs from Pakistan: comparision of recognized four titanosaur taxa of Indo-Pakistan wiht Madagascar: Open Journal of Geology, v. 9, p. 919-955.

Marsh, O. C., 1891, Geological horizons as determined by vertebrate fossils: American Journal of Science, v. 3, xlii, p. 336-338.

Marsh, O. C. 1893, Congress Geologique International: Compte Rendu de Ia 5me Session, Washington, D. C. 1891, p. 156-159.

Mazin, J-M., 1986, About the real systematic position of the nothosaur Metanothosaurus nipponicus YABE & SHIKAMA, 1948: Proceedings of the Japaneise Academy, v. 62, series b, p. 184-186.

McCoy, F., 1867, On recent Zoology and Palaeontology of Victoria: Annals and Magazine of Natural History,

Mc Kean, R. S., 2012, A new species of polycotylid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from teh Lower Turonian of Utah: extending the stratigraphic range of Dolichorhynchops: Cretaceous Research, v. 34, p. 184-189.

Mehl, M. G., 1912, Muraenosaurus? reedii, sp. nov. and Tricleidus? laramiensis KNIGHT, American Jurassic Plesiosaurs: American Journal of Science, v. 20, n. 4, p. 344-352.

Menner, V.V., 1992, Remains of Plesiosaurs from Middle Jurassic Deposits of Eastern Siberia. Selected works, Regional Stratigraphy and Paleontological Problems: Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Geology, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Mining Sciences, Order of the Red Manner of Labour Geological Institute, p. 74-91.

Meyer, H., 1833, Conchiosaurus clavatus, ein Saurus aus dem Muschaeklalke von Bayreuth: Pamphlets, Geological Library, Beitrage Zur Petrefactenkunde, v. 1, p. 1834: 8-14.

Meyer, H., 1833, Das Genus Aptychus: Beitrage zur petrefactenkunde, p.125-170.

Meyer, H. von, 1834, Knochen aus dem bunten Sandstein: Beitrage zur Petrefactenkunde, Museum Senckenbergiana, v. 1, p. 18-23.

Meyer, H., 1838, Briefliche Mitteilungen an Prof Bronn: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, p. 415.

Meyer, H., 1839, Briefliche Mitteilung: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1839, p. 559.

Meyer, H., 1839, Mitteilung an Professor Bronn gerichtet: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1839, p. 699-701.

Meyer, H., 1841, Thaumatosaurus oolithicus der fossile Wunder-Saurus aus dem Oolith: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1841, p. 176-184.

Meyer, H., 1842, Simosaurus, die Stumpfschnautxe, ein Saurier aus dem Muschelkalke von Luneville. Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1842, p. 184.

Meyer, H., 1847-1855, Zur Fauna der Vorwelt. Sie Saurier des Muschelkalkes mit Rucksicht auf die Saurier aus buntem Sandstein und Keuper: Heinrich Keller, Frankfurt a. M.

Meyer, H., 1856, Thaumatosaurus oolithicus aus dem Oolith von Neuffen: Palaeontographica, v. 6, p. 14-18.

Meyer, H., 1860, Brifl. Mitteilung: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1860 , p. 556.

Miguel Chaves, C. de, Ortega, F., and Perez-Garcia, A., 2019, Re-evaluating the validity of Partanosaurus zitteli (Sauropterygia), from the Middle Triassic of Austria: In: European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, XVII Annual Meeting, Program and Abstract Book, p. 72.

Munster, G., 1834, Vorlaufige Nachricht uber einige neue Reptilien im Muschelkalke von Baiern: Neües Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1834, p. 521-527

N

Noe, L. F., and Gomez-Perez, M., 2022, Giant pliosaurids (Sauropterygia; Plesiosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous peri-Gondwana seas of Colombia and Asutralia: Cretaceous Research, v. 132, 105122, 29pp.

Noe, L. F., Smith, D. T. J., and Walton, D. I., 2004, A new species of Kimmeridigan pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) and its bearing on the nomenclature of Liopleurodon macromerus: Proceedings of the Geologists' of Association, v. 115, p. 13-24.

Nopcsa, F., 1928, Palaeontological Notes on Reptiles: Geologica Hungarica, tomus 1. fasc. 1, p. 1-77.

Novozhilov, N. I., 1948, Two new pliosaurs from the Lower Volga Beds Provolzhe (Right bank of Volga): Doklandy Akadamie Nauk SSSR, Moscow, v. 60, p. 115-118.

Novozhilov, N. I., 1964, Order Sauropterygia: In: orlov, J. a. (ed), Osnovy Paleontologii, v. 12, p. 309-332.

O

O'Gorman, J. P., Salgado, L., Olivero, E. B., and Marenssi, S. A., 2015, Vegasaurus molyi, gen. et sp. nov. (Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae), from the Cape Lamb Member (Lower Maastrichtian) of the Snow Hill Island Formation, Vega Island, Antarctica, and remarks on Wedellian Elasmosauride: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 25, n. 3, e931285, 21 pp.

Otschev, V. G.,  1976, “A new pliosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Penza Province”: Paleontologischeskii Zhural, n. 2, p. 135-138.

Otschev, V. G., 1977. "A substitution for the preocupied name Georgia penzensis: Paleontologischeskii Zhural, p. 118

Ochev, V. G., 1978, A substitution for the preoccupied name Georgia prenzensis: Paleontological Journal, v. 11, n. 4, p. 504.

O'Gorman, J. P., 2016a, A small body sized non-aristonectine elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia with comments on the relatinoships of the Patagonina and Antarctic elasmosaurids: Ameghiniana, v. 53, n. 3, p. 245-268.

O'Gorman, J. P., 2016, Argentinean plesiosaurs: a commented account of main records, systematic and biogeographical patterns and comments on future prespectives: Contributiones de MACN, n. 6, 37-47.

O'Gorman, J. P., 2019 (published 2020), Elasmosaurid phylogeny and paleobiogeography, with a reapprasial of Aphrosaurus furlongi from the Maastrichtian of the Moreno Formation: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 39, n. 5 e1692025, 24pp.

O'Gorman, J. P., and Coria, R. A., 2016, A new elasmosaurid specimen from the upper Maasrichtian of Antarctica: new evidence of a monophyletic group of Weddellian Elasmosaurids: Alcheringa: An Australaisan Journal of Palaeontology, published online, 10pp.

O'Gorman, J. P., Gasparini, Z., and Salgado, L., 2014, Reappraisal of Tuarangisaurus? cabazai (Elasmosauridae, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Maastrichian of northern Patagonia, Argentina: Cretaceous Research,. v 47, p. 39-47.

O'Gorman, J. P., Gasparini, Z., and Spalletti, L. A., 2021, A new Pliosaurus species (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia: new insights on the Tithonian morphological disparity of mandibular symphyseal morphology: Journal of Paleontology, 14pp.

O’Keefe, F. R., 2001, A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the plesiosauira (Reptilia: Sauropterygia): Acta Zool. Fennica, v. 213, p. 1-63.

O'Keefe, F. R., 2004, Preliminary description and phylogenetic position of a new plesiosaur (Reptilia: sauropterygia) from the Toarcian of Holzmanden, Germany: Journal of Paleontology, v. 78, n. 5, p. 973-988.

O'Keefe, F. R., 2008, Cranial anatomy and taxonomy of Dolichorhynchops bonneri new combination, a polyctylid (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the Pierre Shale of Wyoming and South Dakota: Journal of vertebrate Paleontology, v. 28, n. 3, p. 664-676.

O'Keefe, F. R., and Street, H. P., 2009, Osteology of the cryptocleidoid plesiosaur Tatenectes laramiensis, with comments on the taxonomic status of the Cimoliasauridae: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 29, n. 1, p., 48-57.

O’Keefe, F. R., and Wahl, W. jr., 2003a, Current taxonomic status of the plesiosaur Pantosaurus striatus from the Upper Jurassic Sundance Formation, Wyoming: Paludicola, v. 4, n. 2, p. 37-47.

O’Keefe, F. R., and Wahl, W. jr, 2003b, Preliminary report on the Osteology and relationships of a new aberrant cryptocleidoid plesiosaur from the Sundance Formation, Wyoming: Paludicola, v. 4, n. 2, p. 48-68.

Otero, R. A., 2016, Taxonomic reassessment of Hydralmosaurus as Styxosaurus: new insights on the elasmosaurid neck evolution throughout the Creaceous: PeerJ 4:e1777; DOI 10.771/peerj.1777, 60pp.

Otero, R. A., O'Gorman, J. P., Hiller, N., O'Keefe, F. R., and Dordyce, R. E., 2016, Alexandronectes zealandiensis gen. et sp. nov., a new Aristonectine plesiosaur from the Lower Maastrichtian of New Zealand: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 36, n. 2, e1065595, 15 pp.

Otero, R. A., and Soto-Acuna, S., 2021, Wunyelfia maulensis gen. et sp. nov., a new basal aristonectine (Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of central Chile: Cretaceous Research, v. 118, 19pp.

Otero, R. A., Soto-Acuna, S., O'Keefe, F. R., Salazar, C., and Arturo Quinzio-Sinn, L., 2014, Aristonectes quiriquinensis, sp. nov., a new highly derived elasmosaurid from the Upper Maastrichtian of central Chile: Journal of Palaeontology, v. 34, n. 1, p. 100-125

Owen, R., 1839, Report on British fossil reptiles, part 1: Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1840, p. 78-80.

Owen, R., 1840, A Description of a Specimen of the Plesiosaurus macrocephalus, Conybeare, in the Collection of Viscount Cole: Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 2nd series, v. 5, p. 515-535.

Owen, R., 1840-41, Report on British fossil reptiles. Part 1: Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, v. 9, p. 43-126 (1840), part 2, v. 11, p. 60-65 (1841).

Owen, R., 1841, Description of specimen of Plesiosaurus macrocephalus: Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 2nd series, 1840.

Owen, R., 1854, Descriptive catalogue of the Fossil Organic Remains of Reptilia and Pisces Contained in the Museum of The Royal College of Surgeons of England: 184pp.

Owen, R., 1860, On the orders of fossil and recent Reptlia, and their distribution in time Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, v. 29, p. 153-166.

Owen, R., 1860, Monograph of the Fossil Reptilia of the Cretaceous and Purbeck Strata: including Supplement No. III. Cretaceous Pterosauria and Sauropterygia: Palaeontographical Society, p. 1-25.

Owen, R., 1861, Monographs on the British Fossil Reptilia from the Oolitic Formations. Part first, Scelidosaurus harrisonii and Pliosaurus grandis: Palaeontographical Society, p. 1-16.

Owen, R., 1862, On the Remains of a Plesiosaurian Reptile (Plesiosaurus australis) from the Oolitic Formation in the Middle Island of New Zealand: Report of the Thirty-First Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science; Held at Manchester in September, 1861, p. 122-123.

Owen, R., 1864, Monograph on the Fossil Reptilia of the Cretaceous Formations: Including Supplement No. II. Cretaceous Sauropterygia, p. 1-18.

Owen, R., 1865, Monograph of the Fossil Reptilia of the Liassic Formations. Part First: Sauropterygia. Palaeontographical society, p. 1-40.

Owen, R., 1869, Monographs of the British Fossil Reptilia from the Kimmeridge Clay. No. III, containing Pliosaurus grandis, Pl. trochanterius, and Pl. portlandicus: Palaeontological Society.

Owen, R., 1870, Saurian fossils discovered at Waipara (New Zealand): Geological Magazine,

P

Paramo-Fonesca, M. E., Benavides-Cabra, C. D., and Guiterrez, I. E., 2019, A new large Pliosaurid from the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Sachica, Boyaca, Colombia: Earth Sciences Research Journal, v. 22, n. 4, p. 233-238.

Paramo-Fonseca, M. E., Gomez-Perez, M., Noe, L. F., and Etayo-Serna, F., 2016, Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America: Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, v. 40, n. 154, p. 84-103.

Parkinson, J., 1822, An Introduction to the study of fossil Organic remains: vii + 346pp.

Perrson, P. O., 1960, Early Cretaceous Plesiosaurans (Rept.) from Australia: Lunds Universitets Arsskrift. N. F. Avd. 2. Bd 56, v. 12, p. 3-23.

Persson, P. O., 1962, Notes on some Reptile finds from the Mesozoic of Scania: Geologiska foreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar, band 84, n. 2, p. 144-150.

Persons IV, W. S., Street, H. P., and Kelley, A., 2022, A long-snouted and long-necke polycotylid pleiosaur from the Late Cretaceous of North America: iSience, publihsed online, 16pp.

Peyer, B., 1931, B. Peyer, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen IV. Ceresiosaurus calcagnii nov. gen. nov. spec: Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft Band 51, p. 1-68.

Peyer, B., 1932, B. Peyer, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen V. Pachypleurosaurus edwardsii Corn. Spec: Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft Band 52, p. 1-18.

Peyer, B., 1939, B. Peyer, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen XIV. Paranothosaurus amsleri nov. gen. nov. spec: Abhandlungen der Schweizerishcen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft, Band 62, p. 1-87.

Phillips, J., 1871, Geology of Oxford and the Valley of the Thames: Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 523pp.

Picte, and Campiche, 1858, Description des fossiles du terrain aptien de la Perte du Rhone: Materieaux pour la Palaeontoloige, Suisse, p. 1858.

Picte, & Campiche, 1860, Description des fossiles du terrain cretace des environs de Sainte-Croix: Materiequx pur la Palaeontologie Suisse.

Poropat, S. F., Bell, P. R., Hart, L. J., Salisbury, S. W., and Kear, B. P., 2023, An annotated checklist of Australian Mesozoic tetrapods: Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, v. 27, n. 2, p. 129-205.

Pravoslavlev, P. A., 1916, Restes d’un Elasmosaurus trouves dans le Cretace superieur de la province du don: Trav. Soc. Imp. Nat. Petrograd, Sec. Geol. Min.,v. 38, part 5, p. 153-334.

Puertolas-Pascula, E., Marx, M., Mateus, O., Saleiro, A., Fernandes, A. E., Marinheiro, J., Tomas, C., and Mateus, S., 2021, A new plesiosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Portugal and the early radiation of Plesiosauroidea: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 66, n. 2, p. 369-388.

Q

Quenstedt, F. A., 1858, Der Jura. Laupp, Tubingen: 842pp.

R

Renesto, S., Binelli, G., and Hagdorn, H., 2014, A new pachypleurosaur from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation of Northern Italy: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 271, n. 2, p. 151-168.

Riabinin, A., 1909, Zwei Plesiosaurier aus den jura-und Kreideablagerungen russlands: Memoires du comite Geologique, nouvelle series, Livraison 43, p. 1-49.

Riabinin, A., 1915, Notiz uber einen Plesiosaurier der Insel Sachalin: Geol. Vestnik. Petrograd.

Rieppel, O., 1987, The Pachypleurosauridae: and annotated bibliography. With comments on some lariosaurs: Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae, v. 80, n. 3, p. 1115-1118.

Rieppel, O., 1989, A new pachypleurosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, series B, v. 323, p. 1-73.

Rieppel, O., 1993, Euryapsid relationships: A preliminary analysis: Neües Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen,v. 188, n. 2, p. 241-264.

Rieppel, O., 1993, Status of the Pachypleurosauroid Psilotrachelosaurus toeplitschi Nopcsa (Reptilia, Sauropterygia), from the Middle Triassic of Austria: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 27, p. 1-17.

Rieppel, O., 1993, The status of the Nothosaurian Reptile Elmosaurus lelmensis, with comments on Nothosaurus mirabilis: Palaeontology, v. 36, part 4, p. 967-974.

Rieppel, O., 1994, The status of the sauropterygian reptile from the Middle Triassic of Nothosaurus juvenilis Germany: Paleontology, v. 37, part 4, p. 733-745.

Rieppel, O., 1994, Osteology of Simosaurus gillardoti and the Relationships of Stem-Group Sauropterygia: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 28, p. 1-85.

Rieppel, O., 1995, The status of Anarosaurus multidentatus von Huene (Reptilia, Sauropterygia), from the Lower Anisian of the Lechtaler Alps (Arlberg, Austria): Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 69, n. ½, p. 289-299.

Rieppel, O., 1995, Fragmenta Sauropterygia : Neües Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 197, n. 3, p. 383-397.

Rieppel, O., 1997, Revision of the Sauropterygian Reptile Genus Cymatosaurus V. Fritisch, 1894, and the Relationships of Germanosaurus Nopcsa, 1928, from the Middle Triassic of Europe: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 36: 1-38.

Rieppel, O., 1998, The Status of the Sauropterygian Reptile Genera Ceresiosaurus, Lariosaurus, and Silvestrosaurus from the Middle Triassic of Europe: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 38, p. 1-46.

Rieppel, O., 1998, Corosaurus alcovensis Case and the phylogenetic interrelationships of Triassic stem-group Sauropterygia: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 124, p. 1-41.

Rieppel, O., 1998, The status of Shingyisaurus unexpectus from the Middle Triassic of Kweichou, China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 18, n. 3, p. 541-544.

Rieppel, O., 1998, The systematic status of Hanosaurus hupehensis (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from the Triassic of China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 18, n. 3, p. 545-557.

Rieppel, O., 1999, The sauropteygian genera Chinchenia, Kwangsisaurus, and Sanchiaosaurus from the Lower and Middle Triassic of China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 19, n. 2, p. 321-337.

Rieppel, O., 1999, Variation of cranial characters in Cymatosaurusgracilis’ SCHRAMMEN 1889 (Reptilia, Sauropterygia), and its implication for systematics: Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 73, n ¾, p. 369-375.

Rieppel, O., 2000, Sauropterygia I, placodontia, pachypleurosauria, nothosauroidea, pistosauroidea: In: Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie, part 12A, 134pp.

Rieppel, O., 2001, A new species of Nothosaurus (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Upper Muschelkalk (Lower Ladinian) of southwestern Germany: Palaeontographica Abt. A., v. 263, Lfg. 1-6, p. 137-161.

Rieppel, O., and Brinkman, P D., 1996, Nothosaurus Munster, 1834 (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): proposed precedence over Conchiosaurus Meyer, [1833]: Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, v. 53, n. 4, p. 270-272.

Rieppel, O., Mazin, J-M., and Tchernov, E., 1999, Sauropterygia from the Middle Triassic of Makhtesh Ramon, Negev, Israel: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 40, p. 1-85.

Rieppel, O., and Lin, K., 1995, Pachypleurosaurs (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Muschelkalk, and a Review of the Pachypleurosauroidea: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 32, p. 1-44.

Rieppel, O., and Werneburg, R., 1998, New species of the Sauropterygian Cymatosaurus from the Lower Muschelkalk of Thuringia, Germany: Paleontology, v. 41, part 4, p. 575-589.

Rieppel, O., and Wild, R., 1994, Nothosaurus edingerae SCHULTZE, 1970: Diagnosis of the Species and Comments on its Stratigrahpical Occurrence: Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Palaeontologie), n. 204, p. 1-13.

Rieppel, O., and Wild, R., 1996, A Revision of the Genus Nothosaurus (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Germanic Triassic, with Comments on the Status of Conchiosaurus clavatus: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, n. 34, p. 1-82.

Riggs, E. S., 1939, A specimen of Elasmosaurus serpentines: Geological Series of Field Museum of Natural History, v. 6, n. 25, p. 385-391.

Riggs, E. S., 1944, A New Polycotylid Plesiosaur: University of Kansas Science Bulletin, v. 30, part. 1, n. 8, p. 77-87.

Roberts, A. J., Druckenmiller, P. S., Cordonnier, B., Delsett, L. L., and Hurum, J. H., 2020, A new plesiosaurina from the Jurassic-Cretaceous transitional interval of the Slottsmoya Member (Volgian), with insights into the cranial anatomy of cryptoclidids using computed tomography: PeerJ 8:8652 DOI 10.7717/peerj.8652, 50pp.

Rozhdestvenski, A. K., 1947, New discovery of giant Pliosaurus in Zavolzhe (left bank of the Volga): Doklandy Akadamie Nauk SSSR, Moscow, v. 56, p. 197-199.

Rusconi, C., 1943, Presencia de un plesiosaurio en Mendoza: Boletin Paleontologico de Buenos Aires, no. 15, p. 1-4.

Russell, L. S., 1935, A Plesiosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Manitoba: Journal of Paleontology, v. 9, n. 5, p. 385-389.

S

Sachs, S., 2004, Redescription of Woolungasaurus glendowerensis (Plesiosauria: Elasmosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Northeast Queensland: Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, v. 49, n. 2, p. 713-731.

Sachs, S., 2005, Tuarangisaurus australis sp. nov. (Plesiosauria: Elasmosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern Queensland, with additional notes on the phylogeney of the Elasmosauridae: Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, v. 50, n. 2, p. 425-440.

Sachs, S., Abel, P., and Madzia, D,. 2023, A 'long-forgotten' plesiosaur provides evidene of large-bodied rhomaleosaurids in the Middle Jurassic of Germany: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e2205456, 9pp.

Sachs, S., Eggmaier, S., and Madzia, D., 2024, Exquisite skeletons of a new transitional plesiosaur fill gap in the evolutionary history of plesiosauroids: Frontiers in Earth Science, published online, 10 pp.

Sachs, S., Hornung, J. J., and Kear, B. P., 2016, Reappraisal of Europe's most complete Early Cretaceous plesiosaurian: Brancasaurus brancai Wegner, 1914 from the "Wealden facies" of Germany: PeerJ 4:e2813; DOI 19.7717/peej.2813, 79pp.

Sachs, S., Hornung, J. J., and Kear, B. P., 2017, A new basal elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 37, n. 4, e1301945, 20 pp.

Sachs, S. Hornug, J. J., Wohlsein, P., and Kear, B. P., 2015, A new basal elasmosaurid skeleton with joint pathologies from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany: 13th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, Opole, Poland, 8-12 July, 2015-Abstracts, p. 131.

Sachs, S., and Kear, B. P., 2017, A rare new Pliesbachian plesiosaurian from the Amaltheenton Formation of Bielefeld in northwestern Germany: Alcheringa, published online, 14pp.

Sachs, S., Madzia, D., Thuy, B,. and Kear, B. P., 2023, The rise of macropredatory pliosaurids near the Early-Middle Jurassic transition: Scientific Reports, 13:17558, 16pp.

Sander, P. M., 1988, The Life Cycle of the Pachypleurosaur Neusticosaurus n. sp. from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgion, Switzerland: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vol. 8, Supplement to Number 3. Abstracts of Papers, Forty-Eighth Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, Drumheller, Alberta. October 13-15, 1988, p. 25A.

Sander, P. M., 1989, The Pachypleurosaurids (Reptilia: Nothosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland) with the description of a new species: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, series B, v. 325, p. 561-666.

Sanz, J. L., 1983, Los Nothosaurios (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) Espanoles: Estudios Geologia, v. 39, p. 193-215.

Sanz, J. L., 1983, Consideraciones sobre el genero Pistosaurus, el Suborden Pistosauria (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): Estudios Geologia, v. 39, p. 451-458.

Sato, T., 2002, Polycotylid plesiosaur from the Upper Campanian Bearpaw Formation of Herschel, Saskatchewan: latest short-necked plesiosaur from North America: In: Alberta Palaeontological Society, sixth annual symposium, “Fossils 2002’, presented by Alberta Paleontological Society, in conjunction with Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Paleontological Division and Department of Earth Sciences, Mount Royal College, p. 47.

Sato, T., 2003, Terminonatator ponteixensis, a new elasmosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Saskatchewan: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 23, n. 1, p. 89-103.

Sato, T, 2005, A new polycotylid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Upper Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation in Saskatchewan, Canada: Journal of Paleontology, v. 79, n. 5, p. 969-980.

Sato, T., Bryant, H., Hasegawa, Y., and Manabe, M., 2006, An elasmosaurid plesiosaur from Japan and its phylogenetic relationships: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 26, supplement to n. 3, Sixty-sixth annual meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, October 18-21, p. 120a.

Sato, T., Hasegawa, Y., and Manabe, M., 2006, A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Upper Cetaceous of Fukushima, Japan: Palaeontology, v. 49, part 3, p. 467-484.

Sato, T., and Wu, X.-C, 2008, A new Jurassic pliosaur from Melville Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 45, p. 303-320.

Sauvage, H. E., 1874, Memoire sur les dinosauriens et les crocodiliens des terrains jurassiques de Boulogne-sur-Mer: Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France, [2] 2 v. 10, n. 2, p. 1-58.

Sauvage, H. E., 1876, Notes sur les Reptiles fossiles, par M. H.-E: Bulletin de la societie geologiques de France, v. 3, n. 4 , p. 365-380.

Sauvage, H. E., 1879, note sur quelques plesiosauriens des terrains Jurassiques Superieurs de boulogne-sur-Mer: Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, v. 6, Zoologie y Paleontologie, v. 8, n. 6, p. 1.

Sauvage, H. E., 1879, Prodromes des plesiosaurens et des elasmosauriens des formations Jurassiques Superieurs de Boulogne-sur-Mer: Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, v. 6 Zoologie y Paleontologie, v. 8, n. 13, p. 1-38.

Schröder, H., 1885 (1884), Saurierreste aus der baltischen oberen Kreide: Jahrbuch der Koniglich Preussischen geologischen Landesanstalt und Bergakademie zu Berlin, p.293-333.

Schröder, H., 1914, Wirbeltiere der Rudersdorfer Trias: Abh. Kgl. Preuss. Geol. Andes-Anst, N. F., v. 65, p. 1-98.

Schmidt, K. P., 1927, New reptilian generic names: Copeia, v. 163, p. 58-59.

Schrammen, A., 1899, Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Nothosauriden des unteren Muschelkalkes in Oberschlesien. Zeitschr: Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, band 51, p. 388-408.

Schultze, H. P., 1970, Uber Nothosaurus. Neubeschreibung eines Schadels aus dem Keuper: Senckenbergiana Lethaea, v. 51, p. 211-237.

Schumacher, B. A., 2007, A new polycotylid plesiosaur (Reptilia; Sauropterygia) from the Greenhorn Limestone (Upper Cretaceous; lower upper Cenomanian), Black Hills, South Dakota: In: The Geology and Paleontology of the Late Cretaceous marine deposits of the Dakotas, edited by Martin, J. E., and Parris, D. C., The Geological Society of America, Special Paper 427, p. 133-146.

Schumacher, B. A., Carpenter, K., and Everhart, M. J., 2013, A new Cretaceous pliosaurid (Reptila, Plesiosauria) from the Carlile Shale (Middle Turonian) of Russell County, Kansas: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 33, n. 3, p. 613-628.

Schumacher, B. A., and Everhart, M. J., 2022, Washed ashore - New elasmosaurid specimens (Plesiosauria: Sauropterygia) from the Late Cretaceous of Colorado and Kansas and thier bearing on elasmosuarid lineages of the Western Interior Seaway: Transactiosn of the Kansas Academy of Science, v. 125, n. 3-4, p. 237-263.

Schwermann, L., and Sander, P. M., 2011, Osteologie und phylogenie von Westphaliasaurus simonsensii: ein neuer plesiosauridae (Sauropterygia) aus dem Unteren Jura (Pliensbachium) von Sommersell (Kreis Hoxter), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland: Geologie und Palaontologie in Westfalen, heft 789, 5-60.

Sciau, J., Crochet, J-Y., and Mattei, J., 1990, Le Premier squelette de Plesiosaure deFrance sur le causse du Larzac (Toarcien, Jurassique Inferieur): Geobios, v. 23, n. 1, p. 111-116.

Seeley, H. G., 1865. On Plesiosaurus macropterus, a new species from the Lias of Whitby: Annals & Magazine of Natural history, Series 3, volume 15, p. 49-53.

Seeley, H. G., 1865, On two new plesiosaurs from the Lias: Annals and Magazine of Natural History, v. 16, p. 352-359.

Seeley, H. G., 1869, Index to the Fossil remains of Aves, Ornithosauria, and Reptilia, from the Secondary System of Strata arranged in the Woodwardian Museum of the University of Cambridge.

Seeley, H. G., 1871, On a new species of Plesiosaurus from Portland Limestone. p. 181-185.

Seeley, H. G., 1874, On Murenosaurus leedsii, a plesosaurian from the oxford clay. Part I. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1874, p. 197-203.

Seeley, H. G., 1874, Note on some of the generic modifications of the plesiosaurian pectoral arch: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1874, p. 436-449.

Seeley, H. G., 1877, On Mauisaurus gardneri (SEELEY), an Elasmosaurian form the Base of the Gault at Folkestone: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1877, p. 541-547.

Seeley, H. G., 1882, On Neuticosaurus pusillus (FRAAS), an amphibious reptile having affinities with the terrestrial nothosauria and with the marine plesiosauria: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1882, p. 350-366.

Seeley, H. G., 1892, The nature of the shoulder girdle and clavicular arch in the Sauropterygia: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, v. 51, p. 119-151.

Sennikov, A. G., 2001, Discovery of a primitive sauropterygian from the Lower Triassic of the Donskaya Luka (Don Basin) and the range of Triassic Marine reptiles in Russia: Palaeontological Journal, v. 35, n. 3, p. 301-309.

Sennikov, A. G., and Arkhangelsky, M. S., 2010, On a typical Jurassic Sauropterygian from the Upper Triassic of Wilczek Land (Franz Josef Land, Arctic Russia): Paleontological Journal, v .44, n. 3, p. 567-572.

Serratos, D. J., Druckenmiller, P., and Benson, R. B. J., 2017, A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Bearpaw Shale (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of Montana demonstrates multiple evolutionary reductions of neck length within Elasmosauridae: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1278608, v. 37, n. 2, 25pp.

Shang, Q.-H., 2006, A new species of Nothosaurus from the Early Middle Triassic of Guizhou, China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 44, n. 3, p. 237-249.

Shang, Q.-H., and Li, C., 2015, A new small-sized eosauropterygian (Diapsida: Sauropterygia) from the Middle Triassic of Luoping, Yunnan, southwestern China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 53, n. 4, p. 265-280.

Shang, Q.-H., Li, C., and Wang, W., 2022, Nothosaurus luopingensis sp. nov. (Sauropterygia) from the Anisian, Middle Triassic of Luoping, Yunnan Province, China: Vertebratea PalAsiatia, v. 60, n . 4, p. 249-270.

Shang, Q.-H., Wu, X.-C., and Li, C., 2011, A new eosauopterygian from Middle Triassic of eastern Yunnan Province, southwestern China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 49, n. 2, p. 155-171.

Shang, Q.-H., Wu, X.-C., and Li, C., 2020, A new Ladinian nothosauroid (Sauropterygia) from Fuyuan, Yunnan Province, China: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e 1789651, v. 40, n. 3, e 1789651, 17pp.

Shikama, T., 1963, On reptilian vertebrae from the Cretaceous formation of Hokkaido: Science Report of the Yokahoma Univeristy, v. 2, n. 9, p. 49-50.

Skuphos, T., 1893a, Vorlaufige Mitteliung uber Parthanosaurus zitteli, einen nueuen Saurier aus der Trias: Zoologischer Anzeiger, v. 16, p. 67-69.

Skuphos, T., 1893b, Uber Partanosaurus zitteli Skuphos und Microleptosaurus schlosseri nov. Gen., nov. spec., aus den Vorarlberer Partnachschichten: Abhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen geologischen reichsanstalt, v. 15, p. 1-16.

Smellie, W. R., 1916, Apractocleidus teretipes: A new Oxfordian Plesiosaur in the Hunterian Museum, Glasgow University: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 51, part 3, n. 19, p. 609-629.

Smith, A. S., 2015, Reassessment of 'Plesiosaurus' megacephalus (Sauropterygia: Plesiosauria) from the Triassic-Jurassic boudary, UK: Palaeontologia Electronica, v. 18, n. 1, 20A, p. 1-19.

Smith, A. S., and Araujo, R., 2017, Thaumatodracon wiedenrothi, a morphometrically and stratigrahically intermediate new rhomaleosaurid plesiosaurian from the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) of Lyme Regis: Palaeontographica, Abt, A., Palaeozoology-Stratigraphy, v. 308, issues 406, p. 89-125.

Smith, A. S., Araujo, R., and Mateus, O., 2012, A new plesiosauroid from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of Alhadas, Portugal: Acta Palaeontological Polonica, v. 57, n. 2, p. 257-266.

Smith, A. S., and Vincent, P., 2010, A new genus of pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Jurassic of Holzmaden, Germany: Palaeontology, v. 53, part 5, p. 1049-1063.

Sollas, W. J., 1881, On a new species of Plesiosaurus (P. conybeari) from the lower lias of charmouth; with observations on P. megacephalus, STUTCHBURY, and P. brachycephalus, OWEN. Accompanied by a Supplement on the Geographical Distribution of the genus Plesiosaurus: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1881, p. 440-481.

Storrs, G. W., 1991, Anatomy and Relationships of Corosaurus alcovensis (Diapsida: Sauropterygia) and the Triassic Alcova Limestone of Wyoming: Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale University, Bulletin 44, p. 1-151.

Storrs, G. W., 1993, The systematic position of Silvestrosaurus and a classification of Triassic sauropterygians (Neodiapsida): Palaontologische Zeitschrift, v. 67, n. ½, p. 17-191.

Storrs, G. W., 1994, Morphological characterization and taxonomic clarification of the genus Plesiosaurus, and its type species P. Dolichodeirus: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 14, supplement to n. 3, Abstracts of Papers, Fifty-Fourth Annual Meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Burke Museum, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 7 September, p. 47A.

Storrs, G. W., 1999, An examination of plesiosaur (Diapsida: Sauropteyrgia) from the Niobrara Chalk (Upper Cretaceous) of central North America: The University of Kansas, Paleontological Contributions, n. 11, p.1-15.

Storrrs, G. W., and Taylor, M. A., 1996, Cranial anatomy of a new Plesiosaur genus from the Lowermost Lias (Rhaetian/Hettangian) of Street, Somerset, England: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 16, n. 3, p. 403-420.

Stromer, E., 1935, Ergebnisse der Forschungareisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wusten Aegptens. II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharije-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 15 Plesiosauria: Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademieder Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschafliche. (n.f), heft 26, p. 1-55.

Stromer, E., 1936, Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wusten Agyptens: Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademieder Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschafliche, Heft. 33, p. 1-101.

Stutchbury, S., 1846, Description of a New Species of Plesiosaurus, in the Museum of the Bristol Institution: Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 1846, p. 411-417.

Sues, H-D., 1987, Postcranial skeleton of Pistosaurus and interrelationships of the Sauropterygia (Diapsida): Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 90, p. 109-131.

Sues, H-D., and Carroll, R. L., 1985, The pachypleurosaurid Dactylosaurus schroederi (Diapsida: Sauropterygia): Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 22, p. 1602-1608.

Swinton, W. E., 1930, Preliminary account of a new genus and species of Plesiosaur: Annals and Magazine of Natural History, v. 10, n. 6, p. 206-209.

T

Tarlo, L. G., 1959, Stretosaurus gen. nov., a giant pliosaur from the Kimmeridge Clay: Palaeontology, v. 2, part 1, p. 39-55.

Tarlo, L. G., 1960, A review of the Late Jurassic Pliosaurs: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, v. 4, n. 5, p. 147-189.

Tate and Blake, 1876, The Yorkshire Lias. Part II, Paleontology, London,

Thurmond, J. T., 1968, A new Polycotylid plesiosaur from the Lake Waco Formation (Cenomanian) of Texas: Journal of Paleontology, v. 42, n. 5, p. 1289-1296.

Tintori, A., and Renesto, S., 1990., A new Lariosaurus form the Kalkschieferzone (Uppermost Ladinian) of Valceresio (Varese, N. Italy): Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, v. 29, n. 3, p. 303-319.

Tschanz, K., 1989, Lariosaurus buzzii n. sp. from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland) with comments on the Classification of Nothosaurs: Palaeontographica, Abt. A. v. 208, Lfg. 4-6, p. 153-179.

V

Vincent, P., Bardet, N., and Mattioli, E., 2012, A new plesiosaur from the Pliesbachian (Early Jurassic) of Normandy and its impliations for Pliosauridae radiation: 10th annual meeting of the European Association of Vertebrate Paleontology, p. 275.

Vincent, P., Bardet, N., and Mattioli, E., 2013, A new pliosaurid from the Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic of Normandy, France: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 58, n. 3, p. 471-485.

Vincent, P., Bardet, N., Pereda Suberbiola, X., Bouya, B., Amaghzaz, M., and Meslouh, S., 2011, Zarafasaura oceanis, a new elasmosaurid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Maastrichtian Phosphates of Morocco and the palaeobiogeography of latest Cretaceous plesiosaurs: Gondwana Research, v. 19, p. 1062-1073.

Vincent, P., and Benson, R. B. J., 2012, Annigasaura, a basal plesiosaurian (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Lower Jurassic of Lyme Regis, United Kingdom: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 32, n. 5, p. 1049-1063.

Vincent, P., Weis, R., Kronz, G., and Delsate, D., 2017, Microcleidus melusinae, a new plesiosaurian (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Toarcian of Luxenbourg: Geological Magazine, published online, 18pp.

Volz, W., 1902, Proneusticosaurus, eine neue Sauropterygier-Gattung aus dem untersten Muschelkalk Oberschlesiens: Palaeontograpihcial,band 49, p. 121-161.

W

Waldheim, G. F. de, 1844, Notice sur le Spondylosaurus, genre de saurien fossile de l’Oolithe de Moscou.

Wagler, J., 1830, Naturliches System der Amphibien: Munchen und Stuttgart,

Wagner, A., 1852, Neu-aufgefundene Saurier-Ueberreste aus den lithographischen Schiefern und dem obern Jurakalk: Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademieder Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschafliche, v. 6, p. 663-710.

Watson, D. M. S., 1909, A preliminary note on two new genera of Upper Liassic Plesiosaurs: Manchester Memoirs, vol. liv, no. 4, p. 1-28.

Watson, D. M. S., 1910, "Upper Liassic Reptilia. Part II. The Sauropterygia of the Whitby Museum": Manchester Memoirs, vol. Liv, no. 11, p. 1-11.

Watson, D. M. S., 1911, A plesiosaurian pectoral girdle from the Lower Lias: Memoirs of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, v. 55, n. 6, p. 1-7.

Watson, D. M. S., 1911, The upper Liassic Reptilia, Part 3: Microcleidus macropterus (Seeley) and the limbs of Microleidus homalspondylus (Owen): Memoirs of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, v. 55, p. 2-9.

Wegner, T., 1914, Brancasaurus brancai n. g. n. sp., ein Elasmosauride aus dem Wealden Westfalens: Brancia festschrift, Berlin, Borntrager, p. 235-305.

Welles, S. P., 1943, Elasmosaurid Plesiosaurs with description of new material from California and Colorado: Memoirs of the University of California, v. 13, n. 3, p. 125-254.

Welles, S. P., 1949, A new elasmosaur from the Eagle Ford Shale of Texas: University press in Dallas southern Methodist University, Fondren Science Series, v. 1, n. 1, p. 1-28.

Welles, S. P., 1952, A review of the North American Cretaceous Elasmosaurs: University of California Publications Bulletin Department of Geological Sciences, v. 29, n. 3, p. 47-144.

Welles, S. P., 1962, A new Species of Elasmosaur from the Aptian of Colombia and a review of the Cretaceous Plesiosaurs: University of California Publications Bulletin Department of Geological Sciences, v. 44, p. 1-89.

Welles, S. P., and Bump, J. D., 1949, Alzadasaurus pembertoni, a new elasmosaur from the Late Cretaceous of South Dakota: Journal of Paleontology, v. 23, n. 5, p. 521-535.

Welles, S. P., and Slaughter, B. H., 1963, The first record of the Plesiosaurian genus Polyptychodon (Pliosauridae) from the New World: Journal of Paleontology, v. 37, n. 1, p. 131-133.

White, A., 1853, Longicornia I.: Catalogue of the coleopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, London, v. 7, p. 1-174.

White, T. E., 1940, Holotype of Plesiosaurus longirostris BLAKE and classification of the Plesiosaurs: Journal of Paleontology, v. 14, n. 5, p. 451-467.

Wieland, G. R., 1910, Plesiosaurus (Polyptychodon?) mexicanus Wieland: Parergones del Instituto Geologico de Mexico, v. 3, n. 1, p. 359-365.

Wiffen, J. and Moisely, W. L., 1986, Late Cretaceous reptiles (Families Elasmosauridae and Pliosauridae) from the Mangahouanga Stream, North Island, New Zealand: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysicus, v. 29, p. 205-252.

Williston, S. W., 1890, Structure of the Plesiosaurian Skull: Science, v. 16, n. 405, p. 262.

Williston, S. W., 1897, A new plesiosaur from the Kansas Comanche Cretaceous: Kansas Uiversity Quarterly,

Williston, S. W., 1902, Restoration of Dolichorhynchops osborni, a new Cretaceous Plesiosaur: Kansas University Science Bulletin, v. 1, n. 9, p. 141-144.

Williston, S. W., 1903, North American Plesiosaurs: Part I. Field Columbian museum, Geological Series, Publication 73, v. 2, n. 4, p. 1-77.

Williston, S. W., 1906, North American Plesiosaurs: Elasmosaurus, Cimoliasaurus and Polycotylus: American Journal of Science, v. 21, p. 221-236.

Williston, S. W., 1907, The skull of Brachauchenius, with observations on the relationships of the Plesiosaurs: Proceedings of the United States National Museum,v. 32, n. 1540, p.477-489.

Williston, S. W., and Moodie, R., 1917, Ogmodirus martinii, a New Plesiosaur from the Cretaceous of Kansas: The Kansas University Science Bulletin, v. 10, n. 5, p. 61-73.

Wintrich, T., Hayashi, S., Houssaye, A., Nakajima, Y., and Sander, P. M., 2017, A Triassic plesiosauiran skeleton and bone histology inform on evolution of a unique body plan: Science Advances, Research Article, 3:e1701144, 11pp.

Wolniewcz, A. S., Shen, Y., Li, Q., Sun, Y., Qioa, Y., Chen, Y., Hu, Y.-W., and Liu, J., 2023, An armoured marine reptile from the Early Triassic of South China and its phylogenetic and evolutionary implications: eLife, 12:e83163, 31pp.

X

Xiao, Y., etc, 1991, First discovery of Sinopliosaurus in the Late Triassic in Central Yunnan: Regional Geology of China, series 37, n. 2, p. 180-182.

Xu, G.-H., Ren, Y, Zhao, L.-J., Liao, J.-L., and Feng, D.-H., 2022, A long-tailed marine reptile from China provides new insights into the Middle Triassic pachypleurosaur radiation: Scientific Reports, published online, 12pp.

Xu, G.-H., Shang, Q.-H., Wang, W., Ren, Y., Lei, H,. Liao, J.-L,. Zhao, L.-J. and Li, C., 2023, A new long-snouted marine reptile from the Middle Triassic of China illuminates pachypleurosauroid evolution: Scientific Reports, 13:16, 13pp.

Y

Yabe, H., and Shikama, T., 1948, A lower Triassic Nothosauria form Isihu near Janaigu, Mono-gun, Miyagi Prefecture: Proceedings of the Japanese Academy, v. 24, p.35-41.

Yadagiri, P., and Ayyasami, K., 1979, A new stegosaurian dinosaur from Late Cretaceous sediments of South India: Journal Geological Society of India, v. 20, p. 521-530.

Young, C-C., 1942, Fossil Vertebrates from Kuangyuan, N. Szechuan, China: Bulletin of the Geological Society of China, v. 22, n. 3-4, p. 293-309.

Young, C-C., 1946, On reptilian remains from Weiyuan, Szechuan, China: Bulletin of the Geological Society of China, v. 24, p. 187-209.

Young, C-C., 1958, On the New Pachypleurosauroidea from Keichow, South-west China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 2, n. 2, p. 69-82.

Young, C-C., 1959, On a new Nothosauria from the Lower Triassic beds of Kwangsi: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 3, n. 2, p. 71-78.

Young, C-C., 1965, On the new Nothosaurs from Hupeh and Kweichou, China: Vertebrata PalAsitica, v. 9, n. 4, p. 315-356.

Young, C-C., 1972, Thalattosaur from Nanchang, Hubei: Memories of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropolgy, Academy of Science, series A, v. 9, p. 17-27.

Z

Zangerl, R., 1935, B. Peyer, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen IX. Pachypleurosaurus edwardsi, CORNALIA sp. Osteologie-Variationsbeite-Biologie: Abhandlungen der Schweierischen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft, Band 51, p. 1-80.

Zhang, Y., 1985, A new Plesiosaur from Middle Jurassic of Sichuan Basin: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 23, n. 3, p. 235-240.

Zhou, 1986, The Cretaceous System of China: Stratigraphy of China, n. 12, p. 66-78.

Zittel, K. A., 1890, Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abt. Palaeozoologie: Munich and Leipzig, R., Oldenbourg, v. 3,