Species: banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) WAGNER, 1860
Etymology: In reference to Banz, Northern Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany, the locality where the specimen was found.
= Ornithocephalus banthensis THEODORI, 1830
= Pterodactylus banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) THEODORI, 1831
= Rhamphorhynchus banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) WAGNER, 1858
= Dimorphodon banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) OWEN, 1860
= Pterodactylus macronyx MEYER, 1831 non BUCKLAND, 1829 (nomen dubium) sensu MEYER, 1831
Etymology:
= Rhamphorhynchus macronyx (BUCKLAND, 1829) MEYER, 1847 sensu MEYER, 1831 (nomen dubium)
= Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) macronyx BUCKLAND, 1829 per MEYER, 1846 sensu von MEYER, 1831
= Rhamphorhnychus (Pterodactylus) macronyx (BUCKLAND, 1829) MEYER, 1847 sensu MEYER, 1831
= Pterodactylus (Ornithocephalus) banthensis (THEODORI, 1839)
= Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) (ensirostris) banthensis (THEODORI, 1839) per THEODORI, 1852
= Rhamphorhynchus (ensirostris) macronyx banthensis PADIAN & WILD, 1992 pro WAGNER, 1858
= Pterodactylus goldfussi THEODORI, 1848 (nomen dubium)
Etymology:
= Rhamphorhynchus (Pterodactylus) goldfussi (THEODORI, 1848) THEODORI, 1848 (nomen dubium)

Holotype: Petrefaktensammlung Banz, No. PSB 757/758.

Locality: Banz, Northern Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias Epsilon II./1-6.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Early Jurassic.

Material:

PSB 757: Lower jaw.

Dorygnathus banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) WAGNER, 1860, PSB 758: A) laterial view; B) dorsal view, and C) ventral view (modified from Wellnhofer, 1990).

PSB 758: Slab containing PSB 757, plus left scapulocaracoid, 3 metacarpals, and claw.

Dorygnathus banthensis (THEODORI, 1830) WAGNER, 1860, type material (modified from Wellnhover, 1990).

After Arthaber,

After Wild, 1978

Referred material:

PADIAN & WILD, 1992

PSB 759d: Caudal vertebra.

PSB 759c: Rib.

PSB “D”, PSB “E”: Partial left scapulocoracoids.

PSB “F”: Right scapulocoracoid.

PSB “G”: Partial right scapulocoracoid.

PSB 759a: Right humerus.

PSB 770: Slab containing right distal carpal, right radius and ulna, right wing metacarpal and first wing-phalanx, left radius and ulna, 2 small phalanges.

PSB “H”: Right ulna.

PSB 76x: Slab containing right wing metacarpal, small right metacarpal, partial second wing-phalanx and complete 3rd wing-phalanx.

PSB 759f , PSB 759g: Right femora.

PSB 759b: Left femur.

PSB 767: Left tibia and fibula lacking distal end.

PSB 759e: Left humerus.

PSB 763: Left wing metacarpal.

PSB “A”: Left scapulocoracoid.

PSB “B”: Left ulna.

PSB “C”, PSB 764: 2 left 1st wing-phalanx.

PSB 759h: Proximal right humerus.

PSB 759i: Distal left ulna.

PSB 766: Left tibia-fibula, lacking distal end.

PSB 759k-n: Coracoid fragments.

PSB 759o: Possible skull roof fragment, probably not pterosaurian.

PSB 759q: Fragment of the shaft of a rib or wing-bone.

PSB “I”: 2 pieces of narrow bone shaft, one with a joint end supposing that it is a metapodial.

PSB “J”: Shaft fragment of a long bone.

PSB “K”: Possible proximal end of a left ulna.

Number: Not given:

2 partial skeletons and about 24 isolated bones, Schloss Banz; complete or nearly complete skeletons at Tubingen (2), Berlin (2, plus isolated bones), Uppsala, Zurich, Munchen, Holzmaden (Museum Hauff2), Stuttgart (12); several partial or nearly complete specimens in London, Stockholm, and private collections; many isolated bones in Stuttgart, Tubingen, Bayreuth (Collection of George Graf zu Munster) and in private collections. Several specimens, including one at Lowen, are presumed to have been destroyed during the Second World War or lost. One at the University of Tubingen disappeared some years ago.

 

ARTHABER, 1919

Locality: Holzmaden, Wittgerg near Metzingen, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Liassic.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Number: Not given: Skull and skeleton.

 

OSI, PRONDVAL, FREY & POHL, 2010

SMNS 50914, 50184: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.

Dorygnathus bathensis No. SMNS 50914, modified from Padian, (2008a).

SALEE, 1928

Number: Not given: Skeleton lacking pelvis and tail.

 

OSI, PRONDVAI, FREY & POHL, 2010

Locality: Bad Harzburg, Niedersachsen State, Germany.

Horizon: Posidonien Shale.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Wyoming Dinosaur Center: Premaxillae, maxillae, nasals, jugals, palatines, mandibles, frontals parietals, quadrates the postcranial skeleton is almost complete lacking only the first 3 cervicals, immobile caudals, sternum, pubioishiadic plate, and some manual phalanges.

 

PADEN, 2008

Locality: Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

BSP 1938 I 49: Partial skull and lower jaws, 2 cervicals, 23 caudals, virtually complete pectoral and pelvic girdles and fore and hind limbs, lacking on ly the left humerus.

NHM R10087: Fragmenatry skeleton.

Dorygnathus banthensis. NHM R10087, modified from Padian, (2008a).

SMNS 53023: A second wing-phalanx.

SMNS 1880: Various post-cranial bones, including the posterior 7 dorsal and 3 sacral vertebrae and compleet pelvis and most elements of the forelimb and both hands.

 

 

Locality: Hauff Quarry IX, Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Naturhistorich Museum Wien: A nearly complete skeleton, preserved with left side of skull facing dorsally.

Dorygnathus banthensis. Natural History Museum, Vienna, skull modified from Padian, (2008a): A) as preserved; and B) new reconstruction.

 

Dorygnathus banthensis. Natural History Museum, Vienna, skeleton modified from Padian, (2008a):

 

Locality: Hauff Quarry IX, Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

MB 1905.15: Nearly complete post-cranial skeleton in dorsal view, missing the skull, the first 2 cervical vertebra adn all but th e first 5 caudals.

MB 1920.16: Virtually complete skeleton, lacking only a few dorsal and some caudal vertebrae.

Dorygnathus banthensis, MB 1920.16, skull modified from Padian, (2008a); A) as preserved; B) new reconstruction.

Dorygnathus banthensis, MB 1920.16, skeleton modified from Padian, (2008a).

 

Locality: Hauff Quarry XIV, Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

GPIT 1645/1: Nearly complete skeleton preserved on its right side with skull and lower jaw, missing only the right tibia and part of foot.

 

Locality: Hauff Quarry IX, Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Tubigen Specimen: Most of both forelimbs and one hindlimb.

Note: Lost (PADIAN, 2008).

 

Locality: From the village of Flechtorf, near Braunschweig, Niedersachen, Lower Saxony State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura') Geodenlage Ca II.

Biostratigraphy: 'capellinum-Zone'.

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

MB 1977.21: Several vertebrae and dosal ribs, left radius adn ulna, carpals, metacarpals, 2 small phalanges, first and second wing phalanes, righ humerus, radius and ulna, femur, tibia and fibula.

 

Locality: Ohmden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Museum Hauff, Holzmaden: Complete skeleotn, with only some portions of the right limbs missing or disarticulated.

= Pterodactylus liasicus PLIENGER, 1894 (referred material)

GPIT 1645/2: 7 forelimb bones, 2 incomplete

Swidish Museum of Natural History: Scattered vertebrae, ribs, phalanges, both pectoral girdles, humeri, cari, metacarpi, wing phalanges 1 and 2, one partial third and a fourth wing-phalanx and one tibia-fibulla.

SMNS 18969: Disarticulated, incomplete skull, with lower jaws, sevral cervical and dorsal vertebrae, sternum, both scapulocoracoids, both forelimbs and hindlibs, except one thired adn one fourth wing-phalanx.

 

Locality: From a reservoir (Stausee), east of Schömberg, , Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

GPIT 1645/3: 1 complete and 2 partial long bones.

 

Locality: Erzingen near Balingen, Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura').

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

No. A/III 493: A scattered post-cranial bones, mostly partial, including about a dozen wing bones, a partial pelvis and hindlimbs, and sections of cervical and caudal vertebrae.

Dorygnathus bathensis No. A/III 493, modified from Padian, (2008a).

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Jürgen Fischer, Zell, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II (Exact level unknown).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 50016: An isolated second or third wing-phalanx.

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Jürgen Fischer, Zell, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/3 (Fleins).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 50164: Skull, lower jaws, both girdles, forelimbs, hindlimbs and numerous vertebrae.

SMNS 50914: Skull and skeleton, nearly complete and articulated.

 

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Jürgen Fischer, Zell, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/5 (A shale layer in the Unterer Stein).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 50806: A right humerus.

 

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Gotthilf Fischer, Holzmaden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 50702: A skull and postcranial skeleton.

Dorygnathus bathensis SMNS 50702, skull modified from Padian, (2008a).

SMNS 52998: Assorted post-cranial bones.

SMNS 55886: Complete skull and most long bones of the skeleton.

Dorygnathus bathensis SMNS 55886, skull modified from Padian, (2008a).

Dorygnathus bathensis SMNS 55886, skeleton modified from Padian, (2008a).

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Alfred Fischer, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 51827: Virtually complete skeleton, misssing only the right scapulocoracoid and 4th wing-phalanx, and let metatarsus.

Dorygnathus bathensis SMNS 51827, skull modified from Padian, (2008a).

Dorygnathus bathensis SMNS 51827, skeleton modified from Padian, (2008a).

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr Gotthilf Fischer, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/1 (Koblenzer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 52999: left pectoral girdle, and forelimb, pelvis, right hind limb, left foot, most of tail, isolated bones.

 

Locality: Private Quarry of Mr. P. Kirschmann, Staatswald Ohmden (Ohmden State Forest), Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/6 (Oberer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 51106: Scattered skeletal elements, including 5 anterior teeth, and 3 smaller posterior teeth, both pectoral girdles, humeri, radii, ulnae, 4th metacarpals and 1st and 2nd wing phalanges, right 3rd wing-phalanx, and an isolated metaarpal.

SMNS 51826: 7 isoalted post-cranial bones.

SMNS 56255: Lower jaws, isoalted teeth, a cervical vertebra, both scapulocoracoids, right humerus, both forelimbs, pteroid, an isoalted metacarpal, right 4th metacarpal, several phalanges, a claw, both 1st and 2nd wing phalanges.

 

Locality: Private Quarry of K. Gonser, Ohmden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/3 (Fleins).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 59293: Wing bones, impressions of the basioccipital and posterior palatal region, 2 cervical vertebrae, both humeri, right femur, tibia, fibula and metatarsal.

 

Locality: Private Quarry of K. Gonser, Zell, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/4 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 59417: Crushed bones and bone impressions, as well as distinct traces of several kinds of soft parts.

 

Locality: Private shale Quarry of K. Kromer, Ohmden, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/12 (Upper part of the 'Schlacken').

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 80439: Right femur missing its proximal end adn broken tibia-fibula.

 

Locality: Nancy, France.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

SMNS 81840: Partial scapula, isolated parital mandibular symphyis, plus about 7 pieces of scrap.

WIMAN, 1925

Locality: Fleins, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias ('Schwarjura'), II/3 (Unterer Schiefer).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material:

Material:

University of Löwen (Leuwen 0r Louvain): Skeleton lacking skull.

Note: Now lost (as per Padian, 2008).

Dorygnathus banthensis, University of Löwen (Leuwen or Louvain), modified from Padian (2008a). The white area in the center is that of a fish found within the specimen.

Dorygnathus banthensis, Museum of Hauff (Wiman, 1925): A) diagram of specimen as preserved; B-E new reconstruction; B) left lateral view; C) dorsal; D) ventral view (modified from Osi et al., ), and E) front view.

 

Dorygnathus banthensis, Museum of Hauff (Wiman, 1925): A) skeleton as preserved: B, C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) left lateral view.

 

PADIAN, 2008

UUPM R 156: Complete skull and skeleton.

 

= Pterodactylus gracilis THEODORI, 1852 (nomen dubium)
Etymology: Latin, gracilis, "slender."

Holotype:?

Locality: Banz, Northern Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Liassic.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material: 1 vertebra and 1 femur.

 

= Dorygnathus mistelgauensis WILD, 1971
Etymology: In reference to Mistelgaue, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany, where the specimen was found.

Holotype: Unnumbered.

Locality: Mistelgaue near Bayreuth, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Lias Epsilon.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Lower Toarcian Stage, Upper Lias Epoch, Late Early Jurassic.

Material: Ulna, radius, portion of humerus? rib, phalange? metacarpals, carpal, tibia, fibula, scapula.

Dorygnathus mistelgauensis diagram after Wild, (1971).

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