Genus: Apateon MEYER, 1844
Etymology:
= Salamandrella GAUDRY, 1875 non DYBOWSKI, 1870
Species: pedestris MEYER, 1844
Etymology:
Neotypus: PIM-N919
Locality: Odernheim-bank, Lokalitat Munsterappel-S2, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Gzhelian Epoch, Latest Pennsylvanian Subeperiod, Latest Carboniferous Period.
Material: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
Referred material:
SCHOCH & HAMPE, 2004
Locality: Unknown, Odernheim/Glan, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegned, ?Late Carboniferous-Early Permian.
Material: Skull and trunk of a larva.
WERNEBURG, 2004
Locality: Niederkirchen-Heimkirchen, Saar-Nahe-Basin, Rhineland-Pflaz State, Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegned, ?Late Carboniferous-Early Permian.
Material:
POL-F 1987/1 NIE-63: Nearly complete skull and skeleton.
Note: Skin impressions.
Note: Has lateral lines.
WERNBURG, 2020
Locality: Klauswald near Odernheim/Glan, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Pflaz State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: LO-9, Rotliegend, EArly Permian.
Material:
NHMMZ-PW 2005/45-LS: Very fine preserved skull and skeleton of an adult.
Locality: Raumbach/Glan, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Pflaz State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: LO-9, Rotliegend, EArly Permian.
Material:
NHMS-WP 6285a: Anterior skeleton in ventral view (impression in dorsal view).
NHMS-WP 6285b: Counter slab in dorsal view (impression in ventral view).
WERNEBURG, 2017
Locality: Lake Obermoschel, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Sakmarian Stage, Middle Rotliegendes Epoch, Middle Early Permian.
Material:
SSN-11OM1a, 4b, 5b, 11a, 14b, 16a, b, 29b, 36a, b, 46a, 48, 53, 54, 63, SSN-OmW33a, 94, NHMS-WP 1-618/1b: Juvenile specimens, skulls and skeletons wtih body outlines.
SSN-11OM20b, a, 27a, 497a, 49a, 57a: Young adult specimens with body outlines.
SSN-11OM37a, 42: Dutl specimens with body outlines.
= Branchiosaurus amblystomus AMMON, 1889 non CREDNER
Etymology:Holotype:
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
GEINITZ & DEICHMULLER
Locality: Niderhasslich, near Dresden, Saschen (Saxony) State, Germany.
Horizon: Kalde.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rothliegend Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
= Branchiosaurus (Protriton) petrolei BOY, 1972
Etymology:Locality: Oderheim-Bank, Lokalitat Munsterappel-S2, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Permian.
Material:
PIM-N920: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
PIM-N922: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
PIM-N921: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
= Branchiosaurus cf. petrolie BOY 1978
Number:
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
MAINZ, 1974
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
PINM-N791: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton of a larva.
SSK-3: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton of a larva.
PIM-N741: Lachrymal.
MILNER, 1982
Locality: Odernheim, Saarpflax, Rhineland-Palatinate State, West Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Late Pennsylvanian.
Material:
KC 106: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton with skin impression.
RONCHI & TINTORI, 1997
Locality: 20 Km2 in the Ogliastra Region, Perdasdefogu Basin, Southeast Sardenga (Sardinia) Island, Italy.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Permo-Carboniferous boundary.
Material:
Number: Not given: Severial specimens, fragmentary to nearly complete.
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Species: pedestris pedestris MEYER, 1844
Etymology:
Holotype:
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
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Species: pedestris petrolei (GAUDRY, 1875)
Etymology:
= Pleuronoura petrolei GAUDRY, 1875
= Branchiosaurus (Protriton) petrolei BOY, 1978
= Salamandrella petrolei (GAUDRY, 1875)
= Protriton petrolei (GAUDRY, 1875) THEVENIN, 1906
Holotype: RSM 1891.17.9
Locality: Autun, Saone et Loire Department, France.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Permian.
Material: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
Referred material:
GEINITZ & DEICHMULLER
Locality: Niderhasslich im Plauenschen Grunde near Dresden, Saschen (Saxony) State, Germany.
Horizon: Kalke.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
LYDEKKER, 1890
Locality: Millery, near Auton, Saonte-et-Loire, France.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
BMNH R489: Skull and skeleton of a juvenile.
BMNH R1300: Several larval skeletons of a juvenile.
PATON, 1975
Locality: Niederhasslich, Saschen (Saxony) State, Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegenden, Autunes, Sakmarian-Leonardian, Biostratigraphy:
Material:
RSM: 1 complete specimen.
WERNEBURG, 1983
Locality: Thuringer Forest, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Oberhofer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
FG 299.2/43a: Nearly complete specimen.
FG 299/1/101: Fragmentary skull.
FG 299/1/28a: Fragmentary skull.
FG 299/2/54a: Fragmentary skull.
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Species: umbrosa (FRITSCH, 1879) SCHOCH & MILNER, 2008
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus umbrosus FRITSCH, 1879
= Branchiosaurus formosus LEHMAN, 1955 (nomen nudum, possibly a typographical error for Branchiosaurus umbrosus).
Lectotype: NMP 360
Locality: Olivetin, Inndersudetischen Becken, Czech Republic.
Horizon: Olivetin Member, Ruprechtice Limestone (Ruprechtice-Horizon), Broumov Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Pennsylvanian Subperiod, Late Carboniferous Period.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Referred material:
Numbers: Not given: Skulls and skeletons.
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Species: gracilis (CREDNER, 1881) SCHOCH & MILNER, 2014
Etymology: Latin, gracilis, "slender."
= Branchiosaurus gracilis CREDNER,1881
Lectotype: SCD-S756/759
Locality: Niederhälisch near Dresden, Döhlen Basin, Saxony State, Germany.
Horizon: Niederhäslich-Schweinsdorf Beds.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Sakmarian Stage, Middle Rotliegendes Epoch, Middle Early Permian.
Material: A complete large skull and anterior postcranium.
Referred material:
NHMUK, MB, MMGD, RSM, SGED, SMNS: Hundreds of specimens.
= Melanerpeton gracile (CREDNER, 1881) WERNEBURG, 1986
Locality: Buxieres-les-Mines, Allier, France.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Autunian Stage, Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
Number: Not given: Skulls and skeleton.
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Species: caducus (AMMON, 1889) WERNEBURG, 1988
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus caducus AMMON, 1889
Holotype: BSP 1929 XI 120
Locality: Pfarrwald near Heimkirchen, Rheinland-Pflaz State, Germany.
Horizon: Meisenheim Formation (Top Oderheim-Schichten, L-010).
Biostratigraphy: Kappeln Banke (M9).
Age: Gzhelian Epoch, Latest Pennsylvanian Subperiod, Latest Carboniferous Period.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Referred material:
FROBISCH & SCHOCH, 2009
Locality: Niederkirchen locality, Pfalz region, Rhineland-Pflaz State, Southwestern Germany.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Permian.
Material:
GPIM-N-Ru 2, 2a: Part and counterpart of a fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
SCHOCH, 1992
Locality: Saar-Nahe, Western Palatinate near Kusel, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Southwestern Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Permian.
Material:
Geological-Paleontological Institue of the University of Mainz, GPIM-N 1230-1840: Skulls and skeletons.
WERNEBURG, 2017
Locality: Lake Obermoschel, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
Horizon: : Meisenheim Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Gzhelian Epoch, Latest Pennsylvanian Subeperiod, Latest Carboniferous Period.
Material:
SSN-11OM6a, b, 17a, 19a, 50b, 51a, 52a, 59b, 60a, 62a, NHMS-WP 10618/1, 2b, SRK-OmW96, 100a, b, 102a, 103a: Juvenile specimens with body outline.
NHMS-WP 1058a/2, SSN-11OM21a, 22a, 39, SRK-OmW92b: Young adult speicmens with body outline.
SRK-OmW126, 129a, b, 132a: Adult skulls and skeletons with body outline.
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Species: flagrifera (WHITTARD, 1930) sensu WERNEBURG, 1988
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus flagrifera WHITTARD, 1930
= Apteon flagrifera WERNEBURG, 1988
Holotype: UMZC-T22 (=DMSW B48)
Locality: Gottlob Quarry, near Friedrichroda, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Upper Goldlauter Formation, Bodlauterer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Referred material:
Note: Hundreds of specimens (SCHOCH & MILNER, 2014).
14 other specimens.
WERENEBURG, 1987
MNG 2992-27, 90, 80, 6, 72, 23a, 78, 3634-222, 52331-89, MNG 5801-10, MNG 2335-43a, MNG 5331-212, 32, 35, MNG 29930-B,GHM-62, SD-V.41, SSD-29, 28, GHM-62, SAS 191-3, SLL-1a, SAS 191: Fragmentary specimens.
WATSON, 1963
DMSW B36a.
WERNEBURG, RONCHI & SCHNEIDER, 2007
NHMS-WP 2268a/b, 2174, 2188/2, 2182, 2168, UM 32, 42/2: Skulls.
WERNEBURG, RONCHI & SCHNEIDER, 2005
Locality: Perdasdefogu Basin, Sardenga (Sardinia) Island, Italy.
Horizon: Rio su Luda Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
Numbers: Not given:
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Species: flagrifera flagifera (WHITTARD, 1930)
Etymology:
Holotype:
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
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Species: flagrifera oberhofensis WERNEBURG, 1988
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus cf. petrolei WERNBURG, 1983
Holotype: FG 321/1/100
Locality: Grunde near Freidrichroda, Thurigan Wald, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Oberer Protrition-Horizon, Ob. Oberhofer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material: Fragmentary skull and skeleton.
Paratype:
GMN-421, FG 321/1/101: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
Referred material:
FG 321/1/120a, 321/1/119a, 321/1/113, 299/2/50, 299/2/43a, 321/1/122a, 321/1/118c, 299/2/54, 321/1/103, 2992/38, 321/121a, 299/2/35, 321/1/112, 321/1/98, 321/117b, 321/1/110, 299/2/43a3, 299/2/44: Fragmenatry skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
Locality: Wintersbrunnen, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Upper Oberhof Formation (Oberhofer Schichten).
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Artinskian, Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
FG 321/2/4, 299, 299/1/11, 321/2/5, 299/1/13, 299/1/9, GMH 1: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
= Apateon flagifer WERNEBURG, 2017
NHMS-WP 10617, 10091, 9435: Skulls and skeletons of juveniles.
Locality: Lochbrunnen, Thuringia State, Germany.Horizon: Oberhofer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
GMH-2, 103, 121, 32a, 36, 18, 80a, 42b, 20, 73, 97, 148, 143, 27, 95, 87, 76, 42a, 32b, 165, 81, 6, 70, SAS 195/31, 194/18, MB. Am. 418/1, FG 32/5/1: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
Locality: Mosewegwiese, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Oberhofer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
GMH 422, FG 321/7/13j, 321/7/12h, 321/7/2b, 321/7/8, 321/7/13h, 321/7/7a, 321/7/12a, 321/7/9b, 321/7/10c, 321/7/110, 321/7/20a, 321/7/4, 321/7/12b, 321/7/13i, 321/7/13g, 321/7/13a, SAS 245/15: Fragmentary skulls and fragmentary skeletons.
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Species: pedestris brachyrhynchus (WATSON, 1963)
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus brachyrhynchus WATSON, 1963
Holotype: BMNH R5466/7
Locality: Gottlob, near Friedrichroda, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Bodlauterer Schichten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material: Skull.
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Species: dracyi (BOY, 1972) BOY, 1986
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus dracyi BOY, 1972
= Apateon dracyensis WERNEBURG, 2011
Holotype: MA 425
Locality: Dracy-Saint-Loup, North of Autun, Saone et Loire Department, France.
Horizon: Muse Formation, Muse Series).
Biostratigraphy:
Age: "Autunian" Regional Stage, Middle Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material: Fragmentary skull.
Referred material:
SCHOCH & MILNER, 2014/WERNEBURG, 2001
Locality: Sembachtal, near Winterstein, Thuringia State, Germany.
Horizon: Manebach Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Middle Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
NMSch-SAS 94/12: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Clennen tuffite of Clennen, northern Saxony State, Germany.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: ?Autunian pebbles Stage, Middle Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
MMGD-PzP9, 9a (part and counterpart): Small skull.
Locality:
Horizon: Goldlauter Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Permian.
Material:
Numbers: Not given: 500 well-preserved specimens.
WERNEBURG, 2021
Locality: Cabarz Quarry, south of Bad Tabarz at the Inselsberg road (active quarry of the mitteldeutsche Hartstein-, Kies- und Mischwerke, N 50°52.079', E 10°29.373', Gotha District, Thuringian Forset Basin, Thurgia State, Germany.
Horizon: Lower Goldlauter Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
FG/SRW-3: Scales.
Fg/SRW-25: Hyobranchial apparatus.
NHMS-WP1230a, 1287, 1287a: Fragmentary tail with notochord and body outline.
NHMS-WP2168: Skull and skeleton with body outline, instestines, ?ectoparasites (microconchids) and scavanger (ostracods).
NHMS-WP2230: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP2306a: Fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP2311a: Fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP2417a: Skull and partial skeleton.
NHMS-WP2418: Fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP2444: Humeri, ulnae, radii, fragmntary ilium and fragmentary femur.
NHMS-WP2446: Fragmentary skull and partial skeleton with scales.
NHMS-WP3150: Skull and fragmentary skeleton with body outline.
NHMS-WP3203: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP3516a: Fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP3599a: Skull of a large adult.
NHMS-WP3740: Fragmentary skull with postcranial elements.
NHMS-WP5041a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP5042a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP5827a1: Dentary.
NHMS-WP7783a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP7786: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP8665: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP6020a, b: Skull, a few vertebrae, ribs, scapula and scales.
NHMS-WP86666: Skull.
NHMS-WP10891: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP10896: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP10897: Fragmentary tail with notocord.
NHMS-WP10909a: Fragmentary skull, humerus, ulna and radius, and ilium and femora.
NHMS-WP10920a: Skull and fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP10938a: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton with body outline/skin.
NHMS-WP10966: Dentary.
NHMS-WP10967: Skull.
NHMS-UP11001: Dentary.
NHMS-WP11108: Skull.
NHMS-WP11011a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11074: Skull and skelton of a juvenile.
NHMS-WP11094a: Dentary.
NHMS-WP11105: Humerus, ulna and radius.
NHMS-WP11108a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11109a: Dorsal skull roof with postcranial elements.
NHMS-WP11339a: Fragmentary skull and skeleton with scales.
NHMS-WP11357: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11426a: Dentary.
NHMS-WP11179: Fragmentary skeleton.
NHMS-WP11206a: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11345: Skull.
NHMS-WP11405: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11425: Skull and skeleton with outline of body/skin.
NHMS-WP11426a: Skull and skeleton with outline of body/skin.
NHMS-WP11426b: Skull and skeleton with outline of body/skin.
NHMS-WP11649: Fragmentary skull of an adult.
NHMS-WP11652: Fragmentary skull.
NHMS-WP11653: Skull and skeleton with body outline, instestines, ?ectoparasites (microconchids) and scavanger (ostracods).
NHMS-WP11904a: Palate with mandibles.
SWitt-356a: Fragmentary skeleton.
Note: about 3,500 specimens in total from the quarry.
WERNEBURG, 2017
NHMS-WP 6147a, b, 6094: Juvenile speicmens with body outline.
= Apateon dracyiformis BOY, 1986
Etymology:Holotype: MMGD-PzP9 + 9a
Locality: Clemmen/Nordsachsen, Saschen (Saxony) State, Germany.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material: Fragmentary skull.
Paratype: MMGD-PzP64a: Fragmentary skull.
Referred material:
MMGD-PzP31: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.
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Species: kontheri WERNEBURG, 1988
Etymology: In honor of F. Konther.
= cf. Melanerpeton pulcherrimum LANGENHAN 1909
Holotype: FG 321/9/1 (counterpart SD-V70)
Locality: Gottlob-Steinbruch, Thuringer Wald, Germany.
Horizon: Gottlob-Horizon,. O. Goldlauterer Schihten.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Permian.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Paratype: MNG 2992-10, 2992-2: Fragmentary skull and skeleton
Referred material:
MNG 5348,5356, 5331-208, 5801-4b, FG 321/9/2, FG 321/9/6, FG 321/9/5, GMN 43, MNG 5331-50, 2992-14, 5331-133 + 113, 5801-2, 5331-158, 139, GMH 41: Fragmentary specimens with scales.
WERNEBURG, RONCHI & SCHNEIDER, 2007
NHMS-WP 2193b, a, 2267, 2912a/1, 2184b/2, 2194 a, 2184b/3: Fragmentary skulls.
WERNEBURG, RONCHI & SCHNEIDER, 2005
Locality: Perdasdefogu Basin, Sardenga (Sardinia) Island, Italy.
Horizon: Rio su Luda Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.
Material:
Numbers: Not given: