Genus: Aulacephalodon SEELEY, 1898
Etymology: Greek, aulak- (aulax), “furrow,” Greek, kephale, “head” and Greek, odon, “teeth”: Furrow-head tooth.
= Aulacocephalodon van HOEPEN, 1934 (sic)
= Bainia BROOM, 1921
Etymology: In honor of the father of South African paleontology, Andrew Geddes Bain (1897-1864), Scottish road engineer and amateur geologist, who discovered the first dicynodont skull in South Africa.
= Proaulacocephalodon TOERIEN, 1955
Etymology: Greek, pro-, “before”, and Aulacocephalodon: Before Aulacocephalodon.

Species: baini (OWEN, 1855) SEELEY, 1898
Etymology: In honor of the father of South African paleontology, Andrew Geddes Bain (1897-1864).
= Dicynodon baini OWEN, 1855

Holotype: NHMUK (old BMNH) 36238

Locality: Near Fort Beaufort, Beaufort West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Fragmentary skull.

Referred material:

TOLLMAN, GRINE & HAHN

Locality: Katbosch, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.300: Skull of a female.

 

Locality: Bloukop, Roggevlei Boundary between Richmond and Victoria West District, Northern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.4087: Skull.

 

Locality: Ringfontein, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.2983: Skull of a male.

 

 

Locality: Matjiesfontein, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.4106: Skull of a female.

 

Locality: Hoeksplass, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.493: Skull of a male.

 

 

Locality: Graaff-Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.304: Skull of a female.

 

 

Locality: Houd Constant, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

GS K30: Snout of a female.

 

Locality: Leeuriviersberg, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

GS R550, GS RS415: Skulls of a males.

 

Cf. baini

Locality: Modderfontein, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.4124: Skull of a female.

 

 

Locality: Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.642: Skull of a male.

 

 

Locality: Bultfontein, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

BP.FN.3950: Skull of a female.

 

= Dicynodon tigriceps OWEN, 1855
Etymology:
= Bainia tigriceps (OWEN, 1855)
= Aulacocephalodon tigriceps (OWEN, 1855) (sic)

Holotype: NHMUK (old BMNH) 36235

Locality: Gonzia River, Kaffaria, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

Referred material:

NHMUK (old BMNH) 36238: Fragmentary skull.

 

Locality: Cape Colony, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

NHMUK (old BMNH) R1660: Fragmentary skull.

 

Locality: Pearston, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

SAM 749: Fragmentary skull.

 

 

Locality: Toverwater farm near Murraysburg, Murraysburg District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Lower Cistecephalus zone.

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

UC 1532: Skull and nearly complete skeleton.

 

= Dicynodon laticeps BROOM, 1912
Etymology: Latin, latus, "wide" and Latin, -ceps, "head."
= Bainia laticeps (BROOM, 1912)
= Aulacocephalodon laticeps (BROOM, 1912) (sic)

Holotype: AMNH 5564

Locality: Grootvlei, part of Paardekraal, Beaufort West District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

Referred material:

Locality: Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Permian.

Material:

SAM 3423, 3328: Skulls.

 

= Bainia peavoti BROOM, 1921
Etymology:
= Aulacocephalodon peavoti (BROOM, 1921) (sic)

Holotype: Kimberly Museum, McGMK 4237

Locality: Biesjespoort, Victoria West District, Northern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

 

= Bainia haughtoni BROOM, 1921
Etymology: In honor of Sidney Henry Haughton (1888-1982), British Paleontologist.
= Aulacocephalodon haughtoni (BROOM, 1921) (sic)

Holotype: SAM 3328

Locality: Houd Constant, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

 

= Aulacocephalodon latissimus BROOM, 1932 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: SAM 8747

Locality: Ferndale, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull of a female.

 

= Aulacocephalodon nodosus van HOEPEN, 1934 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: NMB Number?

Locality: Unknown, Republic of South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

 

= Aulacocephalodon nesemanni BROOM, 1936 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: Transvaal Museum 271

Locality: Stylkrans, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

 

= Aulacocephalodon luckhoffi BROOM, 1937 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: SAM K1221

Locality: Vleiplaats, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull of a female.

 

= Aulacocephalodon hartzenbergi BROOM, 1937 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: TM 287 (according to HAUGHTON & BRINK, 1954, TM 78)

Locality: Petersburg, 42 miles east of Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Snout.

Referred material:

Number: Not given: Fragmentary skull.

 

= Aulacocephalodon cadlei BROOM, 1948 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: Kimberly Museum 4663

Locality: Houdconstant, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

= Aulacocephalodon coatoni BROOM, 1949 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: RC 67

Locality: Houd Constant between Graaff-Reint and Murraysburg, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull with squamosal missing.

 

= Aulacocephalodon brodiei BROOM, 1949 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: TM 1494

Locality: Houd Constant, Graff Reinet Districty, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull of a female.

 

= Aulacocephalodon pricei BROOM & GEORGE, 1950 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: BP.FN.806 (according to HAUGHTON & BRINK, 1954, 153)

Locality: Swaelkrans, Murraysburg District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull of a male.

 

= Aulacocephalodon vanderhorsti BROOM & GEORGE, 1950 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: BP.FN.634 (BP 156, TOERIEN, 1953)

Locality: Leeufontein, Murraysburg District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone (formerly Auacephalodon-Cistecephalus zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Aulacephalodon baini zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Upper Cistecephalus Zone, KITCHING, 1970, 77, Lower Cistecephalus zone WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull of a male.

 

= Proaulacocephalodon miltoni TOERIEN, 1955 (sic)
Etymology:

Holotype: BP M187

Locality: Milton, Murraysburg District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone.

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Fragmentary skull.

 

= Dicynodon bolorhinoides WATSON, 1960
Etymology:

Holotype: R 519

Locality: Kuilspoort, near Beaufort West District, Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon: Hoedemaker member, Middle Teekloof Formation.

Biostratigraphy: Upper Tropidostoma zone (Tropidostoma-Endothidon Assemblage zone KEYSER, 1979, SACS, 1980, Tropidostoma microtrema zone KEYSER & SMITH, 1977-78, Lower Cistecephalus zone KITCHING, 1970, 1977, Endothiodon zone, WATSON, 1914).

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Fragmentary skull and lower jaw.

Referred material:

= Rhachinocephalus dubius (OWEN, 1876)
Etymology:

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Species: rubidgei BROOM, 1940
Etymology: In honor of Dr. S. H. Rubidge.
= Dicynodon rubidgei (BROOM, 1940)

Holotype: RC 24

Locality: Wimbledon, Graaff Reinet District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy: Cistecephalus zone.

Age: Tatarian Age, Lopingian Subepoch, Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Skull.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Species: kapoliwacela THOMAS, ANGIELCZYK & PEECOOCK, 2025
Etymology: From the Bemba phrase 'kapoli wa cela': indivual words kapoli, 'wild pig,' cinnecting particle wa, and cela 'iron.' 'Iron pig,' in reference to the inferred lifestyle of these dicynodonts and the iron-rich sediments of the Luangwa Basin (resulting in the reddish coloration of some specimes as preserved). The name also paralles fellow Luangwa Basin dicynodont taxon Kembawacela (iiron digger': Angielczyk et al, 2021).

Holotype: NHC LB 737

Locality: Locality L335, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material: Mostely complete skull.

Paratype:

NHCC LB738: Largely complete skull missing occiput.

NHCC LB739: Mandible missing right ramus.

Referred material:

Locality: Locality L060, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB210: Skull and anterior mandible fragment..

 

Locality: Locality L91a, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB204: Nearly complete skull.

NHCC LB208: Unprepared skull.

 

Locality: Locality L132, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB203: Skull roof and palate.

 

Locality: Locality L134, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB213: Skull.

 

Locality: Locality L135, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB214: Right half of snout.

 

Locality: Locality L320, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB736: Snout.

 

Locality: Locality L416, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB901: Patial anterior skull..

 

Locality: Locality L516, North Luangwa National Park, Luangwa Basin, Zambia.

Horizon: Lower assemblage of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid-Wuchiapingian, Longtanian Stage, Taratian Age, Lower Lopingian Subepoch, Middle Zechstein Epoch, Late Permian.

Material:

NHCC LB1046: Skull and mandible.